Tag: Jesus

Faith In A Post-Pandemic World:

Perseverance Amidst Challenge

Brent Pollard

As a global learner, I enjoy having background noise serve as the soundtrack to my life. It could be music or a talking head providing news or opinions. I can block out the details and rely on the background noise to keep me going. In addition to learning strategies, individuals with ADHD like myself find certain grooves oddly exhilarating, similar to an energy drink. I frequently run errands on Thursdays each week, and this week was no exception. Therefore, it was inevitable that I would have my “symphony” supporting me. Amid the hustle and bustle, I heard a headline stating that more than half of American “clergy” have considered quitting since 2020 (see Blair, 2024). 

Whenever I encounter such information, I look into it further. After I finished my errands, I looked up an article about the subject online. For the sake of brevity, the study concluded that the changing religious landscape following the pandemic was the primary source of discontent. These “clergy” have claimed that the pandemic has made it more difficult for them to interact with congregations and that the decline in in-person attendance depresses them. According to the demographics of those surveyed, the so-called Silents (born 1925–1945) and Generation X (born 1965–1980) are less likely to want to quit than Millenials (born 1981–1996) and Baby Boomers (born 1946–1964). Catholic and Orthodox ministers were less likely to feel this way than Protestants.

These attention-grabbing headlines no doubt fill our hearts with existential dread. However, we must realize Jesus’ promise that even death could not prevail against His Church (Matthew 16.18). One knows that regardless of how dire things in the world may seem, there are always those not bowing the knee to Baal (1 Kings 19.18). Hence, Satan could be the author of such headlines designed to discourage the faithful disciples of Jesus Christ. Satan whispers, “You are all alone in your devotion. And would a loving God truly expect you to shoulder these burdens alone?” 

But lest we grow too comfortable, we are reminded of Jesus’ words following the Parable of the Unjust Judge, also known as The Persistent Widow (Luke 18.1–8). Jesus asked, “When the Son of Man comes, will He find faith on the earth?” I know that contextually, Jesus is asking if His followers will have the faith to pray. At least, other preachers often say this as they exegete Luke 18.8. Well, yes. But is it so tidily summed up in the one word “prayer”? Jesus’ question is whether people will continue to believe and be faithful, even in the face of delays or challenges, just as the widow was persistent in her pursuit of justice. As a result, we can interpret this verse as an encouragement to keep the faith and pray, even when justice appears slow, or God’s promises appear delayed. It expresses a theme of perseverance and faithfulness in the Christian life, particularly in light of Jesus’ return.

Jesus expressed concern about whether He would find faithful followers upon His return. The followers can show their faithfulness to Him by exercising their faith through prayer. Unfortunately, people prefer tangible things over intangible ones, leading to practical materialism and a lack of faith. Additionally, scientific advancements may encourage disbelief by providing natural explanations. The hurried, self-centered, and financially motivated nature of the modern age can also undermine faith, which requires quiet contemplation. Faith is a moral quality rooted in the heart, not just an intellectual asset. It grows by living a righteous life, feeding on Biblical promises, and putting one’s limited faith into practice. Therefore, building faith requires setting aside regular quiet time for meditation and communing with God. Faith progresses through continual moral effort.

We are currently living in a time where people are hesitant to return to the Church after the pandemic, which was a time of isolation and a shift in priorities for many. In addition, those who provide moral leadership face challenges, feeling a growing temptation to step away from their roles. This combination of factors is worrisome in response to our Lord’s probing question in Luke 18.8. This study paints a concerning picture of the future of spiritual commitment and the resilience of faith communities. 

However, despite these challenges, there remains a beacon of hope. The persistence of faith, even in a few, can be a powerful testament to the enduring nature of spiritual commitment. In the face of adversity, the true strength of faith often emerges, not just in the tranquility of prosperous times but in the tumult of trials. To answer Jesus’ question and reaffirm enduring faith and commitment, faith communities must explore ways to nurture resilience and adapt and thrive.

In today’s world, we face various challenges that can test the foundations of our faith communities. Distractions and the effects of global pandemics can make it difficult to hold onto our beliefs. However, these challenges can also provide opportunities for spiritual growth and renewal. Jesus’ question in Luke 18.8 invites us to deepen our faith, pray more persistently, and live out our beliefs with renewed vigor and commitment. As believers, we all have a unique role in this ongoing faith journey. Instead of seeing our challenges as insurmountable obstacles, let us embrace them as catalysts for strengthening our collective resolve. Doing so ensures that Jesus will find a thriving and active faith on earth when He returns.

[In case you need the link given above: https://www.christianpost.com/news/over-half-of-american-pastors-have-considered-quitting-poll.html ]

Genesis: These Are The Generations (XI)

The Generations Of The Sons Of Noah (10:1-32)

Neal Pollard

With his next use of “toledoth” (generation), Moses gives the background for all the nations. Everyone on earth today has descended from one of these three men–Ham, Shem, or Japheth. This table of nations is both informative and important. One can consult various commentaries (Kenneth Matthews has a twenty-page discussion in the New American Commentary, while Kurt Strassner has a much more concise breakdown in the Opening Up Commentary series) of the nations which descended from these three men. 

The latter ties today’s Eastern Europe to Japheth (10:2-5), North Africa and the Middle East (on the southern and eastern coasts of the Mediterranean) to Ham (10:6-19), and the dominant nations of the Middle East to Shem (10:21-31)(51). But there is more to this list than a geography and ethnic studies lesson. Moses is setting the reader up for the material he will share in the next chapter, when the people of earth will disperse and settle in various places ( see 5,11,18, etc.). 

The observation of Reyburn and Fry is correct when they say, “This follows a pattern that is repeated a number of times in Genesis, in which the individuals and their descendants who are not in the line chosen by God are mentioned first, while those who are in the chosen line are mentioned last, and the story then continues with them” (Handbook, 228). You see that first in Genesis 4-5, and you will see it again in Genesis 10-11. There are a few matters of note which Moses lays out in giving this genealogical record.

First, he mentions the mighty hunter, Nimrod (8-12). He is so renowned for these skills that subsequent great hunters were likened to him. Look up “hunter” in the dictionary and one of its synonyms is “nimrod.” He will be listed in the genealogies of 1 Chronicles 1:10, then in the prophetic work of Micah (5:6). Yet, more important than his skill is the place he settled. Though Moses would not have to deal directly with them, the Assyrians would factor prominently in the later history of Israel. The foreknowledge of God is at work here, informing the people of God of the “genesis” of this wicked enemy. Verses ten through twelve unambiguously mention not only Babel (i.e., Babylon–another later, even stronger enemy), but Nineveh and Assyria. These are kingdoms and lands built by Nimrod.

See also more local enemies which would plague Moses’ ancestors, Moses himself, and Moses’ descendants. He mentions where the original inhabitants of the promised land originated. Ham’s descendants would give us the Canaanites, Amorites, Hivites, Jebusites, and Girgashites (13-17), along with the other thorns in the people’s sides. Soon, Moses will be moved by God’s Spirit to share His promise to Abraham concerning the ultimate expulsion of these people in favor of his descendants (15:18ff).

Among others of Ham’s descendants are the inhabitants of Sodom and Gomorrah, who will also feature prominently in the narrowing focus on Shem’s (8th great-grandson), Abraham (19). They will grow so wicked that God destroys them.  Here, we are simply taught of their origin.

Moses is setting up the reader for one family among all the nations, while giving us five generations of Seth (Shem, Arpachsad, Shelah, Eber, and Peleg; see ch. 11). In this accounting, Moses is more interesting in giving us the rest of the descendants of Shem before he rivets in on Abraham’s line. One other interesting line, nestled in those genealogies of Shem, is the statement made about Peleg. “In his days the earth was divided” (25). While many take this to refer to the incident at Babel, when the inhabitants were socially divided, it is also possible that this refers to a breaking up of the continents into a continental drift. A study of earth’s major land masses shows a complementary form between those separated by seas and oceans. Robert Utley tells us, “The Hebrew term literally means ‘irrigation canals’ which would fit southern Mesopotamia, but the popular etymology is ‘divisions’” (How It All Began, 123). Given the ambiguity of the word in this context, no one should be dogmatic about either position. 

Isn’t it incredible all the layered, even subtle, discoveries possible when studying even apparently obscure, mundane chapters of the Bible? This rich book is full of discoveries waiting for the Bible student to find by mining its inspired veins. With this listing, Moses gets down to the more specific interest of his inspired record. 

How We Know Jesus Is Better (from Hebrews)

Gary Pollard

Old System — Priest had to make a sacrifice for himself first, because he’s fallible, too. 

New System — Jesus was a perfect sacrifice; he never made a mistake. 

Old System — Priest was mortal, so his viewpoint was confined to his lifespan, altitude, and number of people he knew. 

New System — Jesus came from an all-knowing, immortal father. His perspective spans all of time, and he has a bird’s-eye view of all of earth. 

Old System — Priest had to bring blood that didn’t belong to him. In fact, it was just the blood of an animal. That wasn’t enough to forgive everyone’s mistakes! 

New System — Jesus brought his own blood, which has enough power to forgive anyone who seeks him. 

Old System — Priest had to make sacrifices constantly, both on a regular schedule, and whenever someone brought a sin offering. 

New System — Jesus made one sacrifice, which was and remains all we need. 

Old System — Priest could only enter the most special place one time per year. 

New System — Jesus lives to enter the father’s presence every single time we pray. 

Old System — No sin could really be forgiven, and every sin required restitution. 

New System — Our sins are completely forgiven, and Jesus keeps us pure with his own blood. 

We might take this new system for granted, but our king Jesus is the most perfect high priest. We will live forever because of what he’s done (and continues to do) for us! 

Genesis: These Are The Generations (VIII)

God Brought A Flood Upon The World Of The Ungodly (7:1-24)

Neal Pollard

In Genesis 5:32, Noah was 500 years old when blessed with his sons. Here, in verse six, he is 600 years old when he and his family enter the ark. In that 100 years, he learns of God’s resolve to destroy the earth with water and receives his commission to build the ark. Peter says he also preached righteousness (2 Pet. 2:5) during an age of utter unrighteousness (6:5). 

Noah: The Ideal Candidate (1-10)

Can you imagine a commendation like Noah receives? Already given a glowing tribute in Genesis 6:8-9, this chapter begins with this further compliment: “Enter the ark, you and all your household, for you alone I have seen to be righteous before Me in this time” (1). So, he is ideal because of his character. Apparently, his family shares at least the influence of his righteousness (7). 

He is also ideal because of his obedience. This is how he proves his character. Three times in this chapter, Moses says Noah obeyed what God commanded (5,9,16). In the first reference, he puts it that “Noah did according to all that the Lord had commanded him” (5). See that as he fulfills what God calls for regarding taking clean animals (2-7), taking in the animals two by two (8-9). See it in what was previously observed, regarding the many commands he obeyed in constructing the ark (Gen. 6). 

He is ideal because he seems to do everything without debate and resistance. This dutiful submission is unlike the response of even many of the Bible’s greatest heroes, including the inspired author of Genesis! Read through this entire account and every inspired reflection on his life and see if there is any questioning of God’s wisdom or His plan. Instead, “By faith Noah, being warned by God concerning events as yet unseen, in reverent fear constructed an ark for the saving of his household. By this he condemned the world and became an heir of the righteousness that comes by faith” (Heb. 11:7).

The Rest Of Humanity: Subjects Of Judgment (11-24)

After the graphic account of the wickedness of humanity (6:5-7), we have an almost matter-of-fact accounting of their destruction and that of the rest of creation. The rains and floods that saved the family of Noah (7,13,16) served to obliterate what was outside. Peter writes, “the heavens existed long ago, and the earth was formed out of water and through water by the word of God, and that by means of these the world that then existed was deluged with water and perished” (2 Pet. 3:4-5).

Moses tells us “the water” six times from verse 17 to 24. It prevailed and it increased and covered the earth. “The earth perished” as the result of that (21). All flesh (21)… died (22). “He blotted out every living thing…from the earth” (23). The “crime” is in chapter six and the “consequence” is in chapter seven. So it ever is (Rom. 6:23).

Chapter eight chronicles humanity’s reemergence from this destruction and judgment. God accomplishes this and preserves His promise through the hero of this account. He will not be a perfect man, but he will be a pliable man ready to do God’s will. First, though, God had to judge the iniquity of this world. He plans to do that one more time. Remember, “But by the same word the heavens and earth that now exist are stored up for fire, being kept until the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly. But do not overlook this one fact, beloved, that with the Lord one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day. The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance. But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, and then the heavens will pass away with a roar, and the heavenly bodies will be burned up and dissolved, and the earth and the works that are done on it will be exposed” (2 Pet. 3:7-10). We are encouraged to be Noahs in a world destined for destruction! Like him, we can be rescued through God’s plan. 

Genesis: These Are The Generations (VII)

The Generations Of Noah (6:1-22)

Neal Pollard

Again, understanding that chapter divisions are man-made, we should appreciate that the individuals covered in the first seven verses of this chapter are part of the “toledoth” (generations/descendants) of Adam (4:1-5:1). Moses gives the genealogies of the first ten generations from Adam to Noah, and it is at Noah that the examination of lineages splits. Adam’s descendants, apart from Noah, give us the lamentable conditions we read about in the opening verses of chapter six. Noah is a stark contrast to all of that, as we will see. Also keep in mind that the problems we read about can be traced back to when men began to multiply on the face of the land (1). These circumstances had been building from early on and only came to a climax in the days of Noah. 

The earthly wickedness (1-5)

The problem with man was not their procreating and proliferating (1,4). Neither was the problem the fact that women were beautiful and men were attracted to them (2). The problem was not their might or renown (4). The problem originated in their hearts (5) and permeated into their lives, which Moses dubs great wickedness (5). 

Perhaps the subject of greatest fascination revolves around the identity of “the sons of God.” Maybe the oldest interpretation among Jewish scholars is that these are angels. “Sons of God” elsewhere in the Old Testament refer to angels (Job 1:6; 2:1; Psa. 29:1; 89:6; Dan. 3:25). Added to that is an apparent connection made by Peter and Jude to these circumstances in Genesis six, where angels are discussed (2 Pet. 2:4-5; Jude 6). We should be careful about putting too much on the meaning of “Nephilim,” which is difficult to precisely define and is as likely “warrior-like people” as the offspring of fallen angels and humans (see Peterson, Lexham Bible Dictionary, np).

There is also a good argument to be made that this is a spiritual designation rather than a reference to a literal cohabitation between angels who assumed flesh and Adam’s descendants. Saying it this way (sons of God and daughters of men), it lays a foundation for how Noah stands out from the wicked others of his time. The line of Adam (and Cain) spread their corrupting influence until the situation grew to the grim point we are reading about. 

Whichever answer is ultimately correct, the point seems to be the impact of living enslaved to the flesh rather than pursuing righteousness. Moses describes a moral erosion that had reached its zenith. Something had to be done. 

The heavenly sentence (6-7)

Moses shifts attention from the earthly iniquity to the heavenly response. This is evident before verse six. First, “the Lord said” He was not going to let this continue as it was (3). Second, “the Lord saw” the depraved condition in Noah’s day (5). This leads to the assessment in verse six: “The Lord was sorry that He had made man….”  Thus, “the Lord said” He would destroy all flesh (7). Man was acting like a beast, driven by lust. Thus, God was going to destroy mankind along with the rest of all flesh (11-13). This is not some impetuous response from a petulant being. God is long-suffering, and He will show it for a century longer while Noah preaches and builds the ark (1 Pet. 3:20). He had patiently endured, but men had exhausted His patience. What a sobering thought, that there is a point where the all-powerful God’s patience is completely used up! 

The righteous exception (8-22)

In light of the seeming promise to save mankind through the seed of woman (3:15), we are reminded of the character of God. As a perfect being, He will keep His word. Satan will be crushed! The vast majority of mankind would be judged and destroyed, “but Noah found favor in the eyes of the Lord” (8). 

Noah had exceptional character (9). He is said to be “righteous” (innocent; in the right). He is “blameless in his time” (complete; having integrity). He walked with God, a phrase always indicating fellowship and harmony with God (see 5:24-26). 

Noah had exceptional opportunity (13ff). God spoke to him directly, sharing His plans and intentions with this righteous patriarch. He was warned by God concerning things that had not happened, and the writer of Hebrews says he believed God (Heb. 11:7). He had access to God’s Word and he shared that word with others (2 Pet. 2:5). 

Noah had exceptional faith (14-22). That faith is demonstrated by his obedience (22). “According to all that God had commanded him, so he did.” God gives Noah at least eleven commands: “make” (14), “make” (14), “cover” (14), “make” (16), “finish” (16), “set” (16), “make” (16), “enter” (18), “bring” (19-20), “take” (21), and “gather” (21). There was nothing God required which Noah failed to do. He was not perfect, but his faith was resilient and unwavering. 

Second Chances

Travis Harrison

It’s a new year. For many it’s an opportunity at a new beginning – a fresh start, a second chance. I want to begin tonight with a lighthearted story about how a couple of second chances helped me.

When I was about 5 or 6 my older brother unintentionally tried to kill me, at least twice. The first time, we were outside playing, and we found these large bushes, pokeweed. These plants and the berries are poisonous, but we didn’t know that. I read that if you cook the leaves and berries properly, you can eat them. However, what you shouldn’t do, especially as a small child, is convince your younger brother to eat a handful of these berries. I googled for curiosity’s sake how many berries were dangerous, and it said that as few as 10 would make the average adult sick with all kinds of symptoms or some reports even said death. We went to the house and my mother knew exactly what I had done, the evidence was smeared all over my hands and my face. She called poison control, and they told her to give me this syrup that would make me sick to my stomach and I’d throw up the berries. Sure enough about 45 mins later – no more berries.

The second time was a little more serious. We had this storage building out back, it had a small lean-to shed on the back side. One of the sides was perfect for climbing on. Since we were expert climbers my brother had the idea – let’s get up on that roof so we can see everything better. We shimmied our way up the side and made it up onto the roof. If that had been the end of the story that would’ve been great…but wait, there’s more. My brother noticed something coming from the side of the building. He was referring to the electrical service, and the power lines that were coming off the pole and into the side of the storage building. “I wonder what happens if you touch those?” Listen guys I’m smart it just hadn’t kicked in yet. So yeah, I walked over and grabbed them and believe me when I say they grabbed me right back. I’ve told this story 100 times and everyone seems shocked and surprised, but I can assure you, not nearly as much I was!!

Second chances are given to us all the time and come in a variety of ways. They happen in our everyday lives, our careers, our marriages, relationships with our families our friends, and our relationship with God. God gives us second chances because he loves us, and he knows us and knows we need them.

God is a God of second chances. Throughout the Bible we study about people who have sinned or made mistakes, altered their courses in life but are still given a second chance by God.

1.     For example, Jonah had fled from what God had commanded him to do yet was given a second opportunity to go to Nineveh and spread His word to the people. (Jonah 3:1-10).

2.     David was a man after God’s own heart, yet he turned away from Him when he committed adultery with Bathsheba, had Uriah killed, then his son died because of the evil he had done (II Samuel 11 and 12) but still God loved him, and he was a great king. 

3.     Rahab was a prostitute. She didn’t live a wholesome life, but she changed the course of her life when she did something for good. She hid the spies in Jericho. When the city was destroyed, she was rewarded. Only she and her family were saved. (Joshua 6:22-23)

4.     Paul once was a persecutor of Christians (Acts 8:1-3). He was converted into a Christian and baptized (Acts 9:18). He became one of the most influential missionaries, authors, and apostles of the first century. 

5.     Onesimus was once deemed useless. After being given a second chance Paul describes him as beloved servant, and brother to him. He was willing to do anything for him, even pay his debts. (Philemon 11-17)

The list could go on and on. The point is that God’s love, his mercy, and by His grace through faith, we can all be saved (Eph. 2: 4-8). God forgives our sins and gives us a fresh start. “If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us and cleanse us from all unrighteousness.” (I John 1:9) Every day we wake up is another chance to make changes. God’s steadfast love never ceases, his mercies never come to end, they are new every morning. (Lamentations 3:22-23)  

As important as it is that we don’t forget about God giving us second chances, Let’s not forget we are to extend second chances to others. We all have family, friends, coworkers, even sometimes church family that we don’t always see eye to eye with. We don’t need to settle for division, we need to strive for unity. (1 Peter 3:8) As Jesus taught, we are to forgive others as we have been forgiven (Matthew 6:14-15). We are also encouraged to show kindness, love, and grace to others – just as God has shown us (Ephesians 4:32).

God’s second chances are such a blessing to us. We need them, he knows that we do. He’s not a mean God, “He doesn’t treat us as our sins deserve, or repay us according to our iniquities” (Psalms 103:10). He doesn’t want us to fail, but second chances aren’t meant to be free passes for us to keep returning to sin. (Romans 6:23) “ For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.”  He sent his son to die for us so that we could have as many chances as we need to make things right and grow closer to him before its too late.    

Each new morning the sun rises, God is giving us a second chance. A chance to improve our lives, mend broken relationships, work on those New Year’s resolutions – that I hope we haven’t already broken. This year let’s not squander our second chances, but instead savor them. Let’s make the most of those opportunities to do good, to do things that glorify God, and that will help us walk closer to him.  If 2023 just wasn’t the year for whatever reasons, then begin this year on the right foot. Let 2024 be your second chance. 

Genesis: These Are The Generations (III)

“The Creation Of Man And Woman” (2:4-25)

Neal Pollard

Not only did chapter one help with the question of where we came from, but it also gives crucial insight into who we are. Genesis 1:27 teaches us more than the nature of the Godhead. It tells us something about ourselves. We are made in the image of God, in His likeness (5:1)! There is a part of us reflecting God! I agree that “God’s image obviously does not consist in man’s body which was formed from earthly matter, but in his spiritual, intellectual, moral likeness to God from whom his animating breath came” (TWOT, 768).

Certainly, what Moses wrote in Genesis 1:27 helps us appreciate the additional clarification yielded from the first use of the Hebrew “teledoth” (account, NASB, NLT, NIV; “history,” NKJ; “generations,” ESV) in Genesis 2:4. This is a peg Moses drives down to separate his inspired account into significant sections. I have an excellent chart from Donnie Bates dividing up the book of Genesis, using “teledoth” as a textual marker. 

  • 1:1-4:26–The generations of the heavens and the earth
  • 5:1-6:8–The descendants of Adam
  • 6:9-9:29–The descendants of Noah
  • 10:1-11:9–The descendants of the sons of Noah
  • 11:10-11:26–The descendants of Shem
  • 11:27-25:11–The descendants of Terah (Abraham’s father)
  • 25:12-25:18–The descendants of Ishmael
  • 25:19-35:29–The descendants of Isaac
  • 36:1-37:1–The descendants of Esau
  • 37:2-50:26–The descendants of Jacob 

(Syllabus handout for “Genesis,” Bear Valley Bible Institute)

In the midst of unfolding “the generations of the heavens and the earth,” Moses centers on the creation of man and woman. Notice how he does so. 

Preparing the earth for man (2:4-6). After speaking of the earth 21 times from Genesis 1:1-2:1, Moses speaks of it five times in these three verses. In context, the shrubs and the plants to be cultivated from the ground served a purpose. They would provide food for man (15-17). There is a sense in which man’s being in God’s likeness is demonstrated in his place and dominion over the whole earth (1:28-30; 2:16,19-20). As God is over everything, He delegated authority to man over the earth. Of course, God is the sustainer and provider of what the universe needs to continue to operate (Mat. 5:45; Acts 14:17; Col. 1:17), but man was created to be a steward of its resources. Incidentally, there was at least a time when God did not send rain but rather mist from the ground for its provision (6). 

Creating man from the earth (2:7). There is also a unity or harmony between man and the earth. God created the ground, then He formed man from the dust of the ground. He breathed life into man’s nostrils and man became a living being. The word translated “being” (soul) here seems to be used to speak of his having life and animation. The Bible clearly teaches there is an everlasting part of a person, but that’s not Moses’ purpose in this verse. Moses is describing how the first man came to life. The same word is used of “living creatures” (1:20-21; cf. 2:19). 

Fitting man for the earth (2:8-15). Moses goes to great lengths to speak more of God’s provisions for man’s habitation of the earth. He planted a garden and trees for man’s dwelling place (8-9). He provided rivers to water the garden (10), and it flowed out of the garden in four tributaries–Pishon, Gihon, Tigris and Euphrates (11-14). James Smith notes, “The author seems to be describing the geography of ancient Sumer just north of the Persian Gulf in what is present-day Iraq. Ancient pagan legend remembered a paradise at the northern end of the Persian Gulf” (The Pentateuch, OT Survey Series, 59). Associated with these geographical markers, Moses makes the first mention of money (11-12). Man’s job is to care for the earth prepared by God for him (15). 

Preparing man for his time on earth (2:16-17). God does more than give man physical purpose. He is giving him spiritual boundaries. Moses includes this command about the “forbidden fruit” to show God’s loving nature in creating man with the ability to choose. At this point, evil is not part of man’s consciousness nor has it stained his soul, but it exists as the opposite of the “good” that God created (see Moses’ repeated use of “good” in chapter one). Man would have to choose to leave the “good” of sinlessness, but that was a choice from the beginning. What Paul says of the Gentiles is true, ultimately, of everyone since Adam: “In the generations gone by He permitted all the nations to go their own way” (Acts 14:16). 

Giving man what the earth alone could not give him (2:18-25). Of course, God knew what man needed before man had an opportunity to even discover it. God determined to give man a “helper suitable for him” (18). He presents all the animals for Adam to name, and among these there is no “suitable helper” (19-20). It is not incidental that God created woman from man. He could have formed her from the dust of the ground, the same as man but apart from him. But, denoting the intimate connection He intended, He makes her from him (21-22). As has  been noted, is there anatomical symbolism here? She was not taken from his head or his heel to rule over or be enslaved to him. She was a partner is truest sense, taken from his side. 

Adam recognizes this and speaks a truth beyond just his circumstances (21-24). God teaches that gender is not fluid, but fixed (note the pronouns and description throughout the paragraph). God teaches the permanency of marriage (23-24), which Jesus will reference in restoring marriage under His covenant (Mat. 19:1-9). God gives the first allusion to the church,  and Paul will draw on the analogy in Ephesians 5:22-33. God gives gender roles in the leadership of the church, hearkening back to this cross-cultural circumstance in 1 Timothy 2:8-15. 

But there is more than doctrinal truth being instilled here. There is the most beautiful earthly relationship ever made by God, transcending every relationship except the one between a person and God! God knows our physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs. His original remedy for that was marriage! What a wise creator we serve! 

GENESIS: THESE ARE THE GENERATIONS (II)

“In The Beginning” (1:1-2:3)

Neal Pollard

The first chapter of the Bible’s 1189 provides a helpful reminder that chapter divisions are an act of man (Stephen Langton in 1227) rather than an act of God. Genesis 1:1-2:3 is the inspired record of the creation of the universe followed by a more intimate account of the creation of man (2:4-25). There is incredible structure in the way Moses records the making of the universe, showing the Creator to be a being of order and design.

The skeletal information of the chapter falls out easily enough:

  • The beginning (of the universe): God created a formless and void earth, and darkness as well as God’s Spirit were over the surface of the water (the deep)(1:1-2). Incidentally, isn’t the “end” implied with the word “beginning”? With perfect foreknowledge, God knew that this world would someday come to an end (see Isaiah 46:10). 
  • Day one: God created light and separated the light from the darkness (1:3-5).
  • Day two: God created the sky (called the expanse–“beaten, [metal] plate, firmament (i.e. vault of heaven, understood as a solid dome)” (CHALOT, 347) (1:6-8).
  • Day three: God created dry land and vegetation (1:9-13).
  • Day four: God created sun, moon, and stars (1:14-19).
  • Day five: God created water animals and winged creatures (1:20-23).
  • Day six: God created mammals, reptiles, and man (1:24-31).
  • Day seven: God rested from all the work which He had done (2:1-3).

Another way to divide this account is through two words Moses uses. Days one through three record God “forming” (1:7) what had been “formless.” Days four through six record God “filling” (1:22,28) what He had “formed” (see Kurt Strasser, Opening Up Genesis, 20-21, for more on how he develops this idea). Despite those who wish to accommodate epochs of time and the theory of evolution “in the beginning,” we have the testimony of chapter one identifying each day of creation as a 24-hour period (5,8,13,19,23,31). The same writer, Moses, will look back on the creation in the establishment of the Sabbath, noting that God created the universe in six days (Ex. 20:11; 31:17). Do you find it interesting that civilizations everywhere throughout time have constructed their calendars and functions around the seven day week? It is sown into the fabric of creation!

We are impressed with God’s active involvement in the creation process (note the verbs–I  count 38 in these 34 verses, actions God takes in these seven days of work). As we read the remainder of the Bible, we will appreciate how God remains active and involved with His creation and especially the pinnacle of His creation (1:27). Whether observation, speaking, or otherwise creating, we see God at work.

We are impressed by God’s “triune” nature as revealed in Genesis one. We see the second most common designation for God (2532; YHWH, God’s proper name occurs around 6800 times in the O.T.) and is used for divine beings, associated with might and strength and creation (from the first verse of Scripture). The Spirit of God is first referenced in verse two, and the plurality of personalities is clearly found in this inaugural chapter. How? “Elohim” is a plural noun each of the 35 times it appears in these first 34 verses. Further, as God discusses the creation of man among Himself (even saying it strains the limits of our comprehension), He says, “Let us make man….” (27). Not multiple Gods. The rest of Scripture will show us what it first introduced here. God has an essence and nature. Only One (only God) is all-powerful, all-knowing, uncaused, present everywhere all at once, perfect, sinless, etc. Yet, God is three distinct persons. Two are explicitly identified here (Father, Spirit). One is averred to be the agent of Creation elsewhere (John 1:3; 1 Cor. 8:6; Col. 1:16; Heb. 1:2). 

God’s first question for Job is a confession that He created the universe (Job 38:4). Israel sang about the creation (Psalm 104:4-5). Every New Testament writer but Jude (who still refers to events in Genesis) makes reference to the creation account. All divine revelation rests upon the truth of Genesis one. God permitted the universe to be and subsequent chapters will help us understand why. 

Gifts…

Neal Pollard

  • Are sometimes wrapped as children (Psalm 127:3).
  • Are irrevocable (Romans 11:29). 
  • Are different, according to the grace given to us (Romans 12:6).
  • Are variegated (1 Corinthians 12:4).
  • Some (faith, hope, love–1 Corinthians 13:13) are to be earnestly desired above miraculous gifts (1 Corinthians 12:31).
  • Are to be earnestly, zealously desired (1 Corinthians 14:1,12).
  • Are spiritual and not to be neglected (1 Timothy 4:14). 
  • Are to be “kindled” (2 Timothy 1:6).
  • Are heavenly and “tasty” (Hebrews 6:4).
  • Are to be “employed” in serving one another (1 Peter 4:10).

As we enjoy presents from loved ones today, may we appreciate those which God has given to us to use for His glory and purpose. Above all, may we give thanks to God “for His indescribable gift” (Romans 5:15-16; 2 Corinthians 9:15).

MERRY CHRISTMAS FROM THE MAKERS OF POLLARD GREENS (Gary, Dale, Carl, Brent, and Neal)

Carl is far left, Brent is in green plaid, Gary is in black plaid, Dale is to his immediate right, and Neal is far right.

Understanding The Parable Of The Mustard Seed Through The Story Of Kudzu

Brent Pollard

I found an old commercial promoting kudzu for groundcover while researching my family’s history on Newspapers.com, an Ancestry.com extension. Given the plant’s current status as an invasive species plaguing the southeastern United States, this revelation made me laugh. This year, particularly, has seen a remarkable increase in the kudzu crop.

Looking through historical documents, I discovered that kudzu first appeared on American soil in 1876 during the Centennial International Exhibition. This exotic vine proudly displayed in the Japanese pavilion at the World’s Fair in Philadelphia, captivated spectators so much that it was quickly renamed the “Jack and the Beanstalk vine.”

Early twentieth-century newspapers like The Boston Globe recommended kudzu for backyard gardeners, praising its rapid growth, pleasant aroma, and low maintenance requirements. By the 1950s, however, the federal government was forced to acknowledge the drawbacks of kudzu’s rampant spread, a species they had promoted for decades for erosion control. The USDA designated kudzu as a weed in 1970 and was redesignated as a “noxious weed” in 1997.

This story of kudzu—initially celebrated, then reviled—resembles the Parable of the Mustard Seed, which appears in Matthew 13.31–32, Mark 4.30–32, and Luke 13.18–19. Jesus uses The mustard seed in this parable to demonstrate the profound potential that can emerge from humble beginnings. 

In the parable, Jesus compares the Kingdom of Heaven, God’s divine rule, to a mustard seed. Though it is the smallest of all seeds, when planted, it grows into the largest of garden plants, even becoming a tree. This tree then becomes a haven for birds, providing shade and a place for them to nest in its branches.

The mustard seed’s growth, from small to great, signifies how God’s kingdom begins as a tiny seed in our hearts and develops into a powerful influence. Similarly, kudzu started as a tiny seed in the United States and grew into a major ecological force. Instead of providing a haven, it became an uncontrollable pest, engulfing large areas of the southern United States.

So, what can we learn from the Parable of the Mustard Seed and the story of kudzu? Both teach us about the potential consequences of small beginnings and remind us to consider the possible long-term impact of our actions. We have the free will to choose our efforts. Let’s aim to plant excellent seeds that enrich our environment through activities that align with the divine and benefit the world (as taught in Luke 8.11).

…

The Greatest Sermon Ever Preached (Praught)

Tuesday’s Column: Dale Mail

It’s sounds wrong— but it makes sense! 

Praught definition: (nonstandard) Simple past tense and past participle of preach

Speaking of praught…

Matthew chapter five records the greatest sermon ever praught. This has been known as the “Declaration of the Kingdom” and the “Sum of Jesus.” It’s powerful and it covers nearly all aspects of the Christian walk. It covers topics that are still relevant and close to home for every person on the planet— past or present. It breaks down as follows.

1-12 “The blessed ones”

13-16 “salt, light, cities”

17-48 “understanding the law of God” 

Jesus makes His way to the top of the mountain and His listeners stands while Jesus is seated. 

“After sitting down He opened his mouth to teach.” 5.2 

Someone commenting on this seemingly small detail said, 

“It is not superfluous to say that ‘he opened his mouth, and taught them,’ for he had taught them often when his mouth was closed.”

The sermon on the mount is a lesson on the totality of life. Jesus teaches the objective truth. He said what was needed, and not what was necessarily easy to say. He preached the truth and He did so perfectly and with perfect love. It would be worth our while to familiarize ourselves with this lesson especially in the world we’re living in today. Jesus told us what to tell others. Let’s live for and like Jesus this week. 

Dale Pollard

Jesus Is Real (1 John, Part 14)

Wednesday’s Column: Third’s Words

Gary Pollard

I’ll be repeating the book of I John in present-day terminology. It’s not a true translation of the book, as I am not qualified to do so. It will be based on an exegetical study of the book and will lean heavily on the SBL and UBS Greek New Testaments, as well as comparisons with other translations (ESV, NASB, NIV, ERV, NLT). My goal is to reflect the text accurately, and to highlight the intent of the author using concepts and vocabulary in common use today. 

This is not an “essentially literal” translation, and should be read as something of a commentary. 

Jesus Christ is the one who came to earth with water and blood — notice that he didn’t just come here through water, but also with his own blood. And the true spirit attested to this, because it’s true. In fact, there are three proofs of who Jesus is: the true spirit, the water, and the blood. All three of these agree with each other. We accept what people say about Jesus when it’s true, but God’s testimony about Jesus is far superior.

This is what God said: if you keep believing that Jesus is God’s son, you have God’s approval. If you don’t believe God, you make him a liar. It means you never believed what God said about his son. God gave us eternal life, which exists only in his son. If you have his son, you have life. If you don’t have the son, you don’t have life.

A Tale Of Two Shepherds

Friday’s Column: Brent’s Bent

Brent Pollard

It’s a safe assumption that even the unchurched have heard the 23rd Psalm, given its connection to funerals or memorial services. It is a most comforting psalm, but we note the implications for the deceased are only found in the final verse, in which David confidently asserts that the righteous dead will dwell in the Lord’s House forever. Otherwise, the psalm depicts what the Good Shepherd does for His living sheep. In the New Testament, Jesus identifies Himself as the Good Shepherd (John 10.11,14).  

In contrast to the 23rd Psalm, Jesus is the One walking not only in the shadow of the valley of death but into the grave itself, laying down His life for the sheep. However, this difference does not suggest that Jesus, as the Good Shepherd, does not still provide the same blessings to God’s sheep living under the New Covenant. Indeed, John 10.10 tells us He gives us abundant life. So, the first Shepherd, the One with Whom we are most familiar, is the Shepherd Whose voice we must hear (John 10.3-5, 14-16). 

But what of the other shepherd? For illustrative purposes, we will call him “Mammon.” In Psalm 49, the psalmist, presumably one of Korah’s sons, presents a didactic poem. Essentially, by calling it didactic, we are acknowledging that it is a poem that teaches an important lesson (or lessons). The instruction found in Psalm 49 is a warning against trusting in one’s riches. In Psalm 49.14, the psalmist says: 

“They are like sheep and are destined to die; death will be their shepherd (but the upright will prevail over them in the morning). Their forms will decay in the grave, far from their princely mansions” (NASB1995). 

Despite sounding like a 1980s hair metal band, the 49th Psalm teaches about the “Death Shepherd.” The “they” in the first part of verse 14 are those trusting in material wealth. The latter part of the verse reveals that death will separate them from their wealth. Note that the son of Korah provides a parenthetical contrast. The upright will prevail over them in the morning. Commentators acknowledge this is an understanding of a coming resurrection day, even if not explicitly stated. You can come away with no other interpretation, especially as you read the next verse. 

“But God will redeem me from the realm of the dead; he will surely take me to himself” (Psalm 49.15 NASB1995).  

On the other hand, Mammon will prevent you from being able to serve God (Matthew 6.24). He fills one with anxiety and makes them forget the Providence of God (Matthew 6.25-34). The Death Shepherd is an enticing distraction, not unlike the storied Pied Piper of Hamelin, who led away the innocents with his magical piping. The Death Shepherd entrances the susceptible sheep with wealth but pastures them in destruction from which the sheep cannot escape. Both this son of Korah and Jesus, through His Parable of the Rich Fool, remind us that one’s riches end up the property of another after death (Psalm 49.10; Luke 12.16-21). Thus, one forfeits his or her immortal spirit for nothing worthwhile compared to the price he or she pays (Matthew 16.26).  

Two voices are calling to the sheep today. One is the voice of the Good Shepherd. The other voice is the Death Shepherd. Endeavor to make sure you heed the correct One so that you end up in the correct sheepfold!   

The Lone Look Into The Window Of Jesus’ Childhood

Monday’s Column: Neal At The Cross

Neal Pollard

Apparently, mankind has been curious about Jesus’ childhood and has desired to “fill in the blanks” concerning His temperament, personality, and activities during those formidable years. Most famously, the apocryphal (literally, “hidden writings,” not claiming or meeting the test of inspiration) “Gospel of Thomas” writes detailed, lengthy accounts of what Jesus did and how Jesus was as a boy. Mary Jane Chaignot summarizes this book, saying, “The gospel portrays Jesus as already endowed with special powers, but still having the mind of a child – a child who didn’t always use those powers wisely” (reference). Truly, a reading of this “gospel” (you can find the entire text: here) contradicts the idea of a sinlessly perfect Savior who could be our substitute and is at odds with the little we do see in the inspired writings of the gospels. It reflects humanity’s tendency to make God in his own image (see Psalm 50:21). Having said that, we benefit from what Luke is led to share with us from an incident when Jesus is twelve years old (2:42). “At the age of 12 a boy was prepared for his entry to the religious community which took place when he was 13” (Marshall, NIGTC, 126).

HE WAS FAITHFULLY TRAINED BY HIS PARENTS (Luke 2:41-42)

Luke reveals another fact consistent with what we’ve already seen from Joseph and Mary. They were faithfully obedient to the Law’s demands and commands. Every year, they went to the Passover feast (41). Did you know the entire nation of Israel neglected to properly observe the Passover from the days of Samuel to the time of King Josiah (2 Kings 23:21-23)? That means that such spiritual greats as David, Solomon, and Hezekiah failed in this regard during their illustrious reigns. Jesus’ parents made sure He was there every appointed time. That’s where we find Him in this account. By application, what a lesson for us as parents interested in the proper training of our children. At its best, this is difficult as we compete with the world’s message and appeal. We cannot afford to lose ground by keeping them from the fellowship of God’s people. Joseph and Mary were stewards of a precious soul. 

HE WAS ENGROSSED IN LEARNING GOD’S WORD (43-47)

Jesus obviously did not restrict His study of Scripture to the “assemblies,” though. His family stayed the prescribed time in Jerusalem for the feast (seven days, according to Exo. 12:15), but Jesus, unencumbered with the time concerns of adults, stays behind (43)–not to play or get into mischief, but to sit in the temple among the teachers listening to them and asking them questions (46). His level of comprehension and depth of explanation amazed these experts on the Law of Moses, the best of the best (47). Seeing the spiritual focus of twelve-year-old Jesus, I am convicted to push myself to more intensely long for the nourishment of God’s Word (1 Tim. 4:6; 1 Pet. 2:2). 

HE WAS IN SUBJECTION TO HIS PARENTS (48-51)

Luke tells us of the distress His family felt when they discovered He was not in the caravan of their relatives and other fellow-pilgrims making the long, arduous journey back to Nazareth. They go back and search for Jesus for three days before finding Him in the temple (44-46). Anyone who has even briefly lost their children at the mall or left them at the church building can well imagine what Joseph and Mary must have felt. This special child with which they were entrusted is lost! Where did He sleep those few nights He was alone? How early did He arrive and how late did He stay? When His parents do find Him, they find Him content and apparently unaware that they were looking for Him. His answer perplexes them, that He was being about His Father’s business. They felt mistreated, but nothing in Jesus’ reply demonstrates disrespect or dishonor. Luke reinforces this both with the statement of fact, that “He continued in subjection to them,” and the statement about His character (52). The One who would later demonstrate such amazing preaching and power was properly preparing Himself. That preparation included being what He should be in the home. 

HE WAS GROWING IN EVERY GOOD WAY (52)

There are biblical statements which are incredibly comprehensive. The five fundamental demonstrations of nature, time, force, motion, space, and matter, are revealed in the first verse of the Bible. Here, the four areas of human development, intellectual, physical, spiritual, and social, are evident in the life of young Jesus. He “kept increasing in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and man” (52).  Parents, this teaches us about the responsibility we have to encourage the balanced development of our children. We cannot afford to neglect any of these areas. Do not downplay or downgrade the importance of learning and an education which does not come at the expense of faith. Help them to take care of their physical bodies, with proper nutrition, exercise, and teaching them to work and play. Make sure they are socially well-adjusted, not just with peers but also those older and younger than them–able to properly interact with strangers, acquaintances, and friends. Most of all, strive to develop their knowledge of the Bible and faith in the God who loves them. It’s a difficult balancing act, but it can be done! Like Jesus, our children need to grow in every good way!

Advocacy And Standards (1 John: Part Two)

Wednesday’s Column: Third’s Words

Gary Pollard

I’ll be repeating the book of I John in present-day terminology. It’s not a true translation of the book, as I am not qualified to do so. It will be based on an exegetical study of the book and will lean heavily on the SBL and UBS Greek New Testaments, as well as comparisons with other translations (ESV, NASB, NIV, ERV, NLT). My goal is to reflect the text accurately, and to highlight the intent of the author using concepts and vocabulary in common use today. 

This is not an “essentially literal” translation, and should be read as something of a commentary. 

Advocacy & Standards

My children, I’m writing all of this to you to help you avoid sin. But when we do sin, we have someone who came from God and who advocates for us: Jesus Christ, the morally perfect one who gets rid of every one of our sins. He doesn’t just take care of our sins, he does the same thing for the whole world! 

We can know for sure that we know him if we do what he’s told us. Anyone who claims to know God but doesn’t do what he’s told us is a liar. The truth doesn’t exist in them. 

If we do what he’s told us to do, the truth is in us and God’s love is, too. That’s how we know we’re with him. If we claim to be with him, we’re obligated to live by the same standard Jesus lived by. 

“Get Up!”

Monday’s Column: Neal At The Cross

Neal Pollard

The phrase “got up” is found 41 times in the Bible. It is used four times in Matthew 9, of four different people and situations. I want us to make some application of that.

A struggling man got up and went home. This is the man brought to Christ by his four friends. Jesus began the encounter, “Take courage, your sins are forgiven” (2). This upset the Pharisees and Jesus proved His power by healing the man of his paralysis. He sends him on his way, saying, “Get up, pick up your bed and go home” (6). That’s exactly what he did (7). This amazed everyone who saw it. But what about this man? He never says a word. All we know is he obeyed Jesus. He got up and went home. When we are healed by Jesus, part of our responsibility is to take that to our homes. That may not seem like much, but it’s a great opportunity. We should go home and show our family how much this week has positively effected you. Be a blessing to your home!

A sinful man got up and followed Jesus. This is the narrator of the gospel, Matthew. He was a tax collector and Jesus called him to follow. Tax collectors were lumped in with other sinners (10-11), but they receive dishonorable mention. Matthew 9:9 says, “And he got up and followed Him.” Following Jesus changed him pretty quickly. All of us when we come to Jesus come as sinners (Ecc. 7:20; Rom. 3:23; 1 Jn. 5:19). But following Jesus will bring change (Mat. 16:24). When our sins are washed away, we are committing to follow Him and spend our lives growing closer to Christ.

A spiritual man got up and served. The third person to “get up” in this chapter is Jesus. Jairus’ daughter has died and he tells Jesus he believes He can raise her from the dead. What great faith! What does Jesus do? “He got up and began to follow Him, and so did His disciples” (19). Two things are noteworthy. First, the Creator of the universe was humble. He simply gets up and goes to serve. For good measure, He heals a sick lady on the way. Jesus demonstrated greatness by serving (Mat. 20:25-28; John 13:12-17). Second, servants influence others. The disciples got up too. Godly service is contagious! Following Jesus will lead us to serve. We must “get up” and take that mindset with us every day (Phil. 2:5ff)!

A sleeping girl got up and lived. Jairus’ daughter had died, but Jesus tells the mourners and the crowd, “Leave, for the girl has not died, but is asleep” (24). They thought Jesus was joking, but He showed that He could raise the dead as though she was just sleeping. But the girl “got up” (25). And the news spread throughout the land (26). It is so easy to fall asleep spiritually. Our fire can go out and our passion for Christ can leave us. Sometimes, God tells us, “Awake, sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you” (Eph. 5:14). We may need to wake up, get up and live the example of Christ like never before. 

Maybe, we see ourselves in one or more of these individuals and their situations in Matthew nine. All of us must get up and go home, get up and follow Jesus, get up and serve, and get up and live. That is the essence of revival! 

Twelve Ultimate People Skills

Tuesday’s Column: Dale Mail

Dale Pollard


Some people just seem to be born with great people skills. Perhaps their personality type just naturally draws others to them. While natural ability may give some a leg up, the great news is that anyone can learn to work well with others and you can develop better interpersonal skills. In fact, it’s really a biblical command!

The church is made up of all kinds of people and that being the case, we must all be in the people business. Thankfully, our Lord doesn’t leave us high and dry to try and figure these things out on our own. Dispersed throughout the Bible we find several sections of scripture that teach us how to communicate, empathize, and get along with others effectively. God’s interpersonal skills cannot be matched. As the Creator, He understands exactly how humans think and behave. Here are twelve insights on interpersonal skills sent to us from above.

1. Speak evil of no one (I Thess. 5:14)

2. A soft answer turns away wrath, but harsh words stir up anger(Proverbs 15:1)

3. The wise of heart is called perceptive, and pleasant speech increasespersuasiveness (Proverbs 16:21)

4. Be gentle and show courtesy to all people (Titus 3:2)

5. Do good to everyone (Gal. 6:10)

6. Bear one another’s burdens (Gal. 6:2)

7. As you wish that others would do to you, do so to them (Luke 6:31)

8. Discern your own thoughts, identify your intentions (Heb. 4:12)

9. Treat others like you would treat Jesus. How would you interact withHim? (Matthew 25:40)

10. Season your speech with grace. It’s the saviors All-Spice for everyrelationship building goal (Col. 4:5-6)

11. Praise God and be joyful, it attracts people (Psalm 100:1-5)

12.Be ready for every good work, speak evil of no one, avoid quarreling, begentle, show courtesy to all people (Titus 3:1-15)

Notice how many passages in the Bible command us to speak differently than everyone else? All of these insights can be simply summed up in just one sentence. Talk, walk, and live more like Jesus. He was perfect in every way and that includes how he interacted with others. Modeling ourselves after the Savior will not only improve our relationship skills with others, but also with Him.

Jesus also teaches us that no matter how gentle and loving we are, we’ll still make some people upset. That’s alright! As long as we’re acting like the Lord in all things.

The Herodian Dynasty: Herod The Great

Monday’s Column: Neal At The Cross

Neal Pollard

The Herodian dynasty actually began during the civil wars of the first century B.C., when Palestine passed from Hasmonean (a Jewish family that included the Maccabees) into Roman rule. “The name ‘Herod’ is Greek and originated with a shadowy ancestor about whom, even in antiquity, little was known. Two ancient traditions make him either a descendant of a notable Jewish family with a lineage traceable to the Babylonian exile or a slave in the temple of Apollo in the Philistine city of Ashkelon. Neither can be proved” (Achtemeier 385). For well over a century and a half, the Herods would figure prominently in the Roman government under a multitude of emperors from 67 B.C. to about 100 A.D. The first ruler of this dynasty is Antipater I, who is appointed governor of Idumaea by the Hasmoneans. The Idumaeans are forced to “convert” to the Jewish faith, making them Jews at least in name. Meanwhile, Antipater’s son, Antipater II, through military and political savvy, earned Roman citizenship for his family and positions of power for his oldest two sons, Phasael and Herod. The latter was named governor of Galilee and was ultimately known as “Herod the Great.”

“Herod the Great” is the first of this dynasty to be mentioned in Scripture. He has a long reign characterized by guile, violence, and political alliance. By the time we read about him at the birth of Jesus, he’s months from dying. He had had ten wives and borne several sons who would fight with each other before and after his death. He had won acclaim among the Romans for his grandiose building projects, including the city of Sebaste, Strato’s Tower, Caesarea Maritime, Masada, Machaerus, the Herodium in Perea, the Alexandrium, Cypros, Hyrcania, and the Herodium southeast of Bethlehem (ibid. 386-387). No doubt his greatest architectural achievement was the extravagant rebuilt Jewish temple in Jerusalem, which the disciples of Jesus took such great pride in (Mark 13:1). 

This Herod is shown to be cunning (Mat. 2:7), deceitful (Mat. 2:8), violent-tempered (Mat. 2:16), and vicious (Mat. 2:16-19). Information gleaned from outside the Bible confirm these character traits. Josephus especially chronicles Herod’s depravity with reams of material about murders he committed, intrigues he entered into, and power struggles he fought (Antiquities 14-18). Blomberg observes, 

It is often observed that there are no other historical documents substantiating Herod’s “massacre of the innocents.” But given the small size of Bethlehem and the rural nature of the surrounding region, there may have been as few as twenty children involved, and the killings would have represented a relatively minor incident in Herod’s career, worthy of little notice by ancient historians who concentrated on great political and military exploits (68). 

In addition to what we read of him in Matthew 2, “many of Herod’s building projects serve as backdrops for events of the New Testament” (Winstead, n.p.). Bethlehem is near the Herodium. Gospel writers repeatedly reference his rebuilt Jerusalem temple (John 7-10). The book of Acts refers to his coastal city of Caesarea, called Caesarea Maritima (Acts 8; 21:8; 23:33)–different from Caesarea Philippi in Matthew 16:13. As a living legacy to his wickedness, three of his sons disputed over what and how much territory they would rule. Augustus Caesar settled the matter by dividing the kingdom “but withholding the royal title of “king” from all of the heirs” (Garcia-Treto 378). 

The most notable thing about a man who pursued and was granted a measure of earthly greatness is the contrast between himself and the baby Jesus, “king of the Jews” (Mat. 2:2). He sought power and greatness. Jesus emptied Himself to be born in our likeness (Phil. 2:5-7). Herod sought self-preservation, but Jesus came for our preservation (1 Tim. 1:15). Herod jealousy guarded his position, but Jesus “gave the right to become children of God” (John 1:12). We will see the contrast between Jesus’ kingdom and the sordid legacy of King Herod, revealed in what the Bible says of his wicked descendants. 

Sources Cited

 Achtemeier, Paul J., Harper & Row and Society of Biblical Literature. Harper’s Bible dictionary 1985 : 385. Print.

 Blomberg, Craig. Matthew. Vol. 22. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1992. Print. The New American Commentary.

 Garcia-Treto, Francisco O. “Herod.” Ed. Mark Allan Powell. The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary (Revised and Updated) 2011 : 378. Print.

 Winstead, Melton B. “Herod the Great.” Ed. John D. Barry et al. The Lexham Bible Dictionary 2016 : n. pag. Print.

palace ruins built into the rocks in Masada, Palestine.
Herod’s Palace at Masada (Photo Credit: Kathy Pollard, July 2017)

Do You Know Him Or Know Of Him?

Tuesday Column: Dale Mail

blond man with goatee smiling at camera with blazer on
Dale Pollard


God speaks of Himself as simply “I Am.” This is one powerful statement depicts His infinite presence and His existence through every age. What does it mean to know Him? How do you know if you do? To know of Jesus is very different than knowing Him.

John is one of those books in the New Testament that will help us to become better aquainted with the Christ. John paints us a vivid picture of who He was and is on a deeper level than even the three previous books.

He’s the Bread of life, Light of the world, the Gate, Good Shepherd, Resurrection and Life, the Truth, and the Vine. All of these titles found within the book teach us a little more about the Savior of the world. There are seven “I Am” statements in John referring to Jesus and three hundred throughout the entire Bible. They begin in Genesis and end in Revelation, and in many books in-between. You just can’t read very far without discovering something very profound about it’s Writer.

He’s eternal. God’s desired response to this is simply for us to believe, respond, and live with our minds and hearts prepared to live with Him. When Jesus describes Himself as the “I Am” it makes the religious leaders want to kill Him in John 8. To know Jesus, to really know Him, is something that many people have not fully understood. Even as Jesus walked among us mortals and witnessed His miraculous power there were still several that didn’t realize what it meant to follow Him Luke 9:57-62.

While it’s true that everyone is made in the image of God, few reflect the Father’s image. Those that know Jesus introduce others to Him. With the knowledge that we are imperfect, let’s not forget that we also have the ability to have a relationship with Him. I am flawed and I am weak, but the Great I Am is interested in who I am.

By the grace of God, I am His child. He is the bread of life that sustains us, the light that guides us, the gate we’ll walk through, and the truth that will save us. It’s not how great I am, but how great the Great I Am is. Do you know Jesus?

Jesus Has All Authority

Monday’s Column: Neal At The Cross

Neal Pollard

Jesus has come to Jerusalem and taken the gloves off. By His unparalleled authority, He is directly challenging the religious establishment whose shallow righteousness has been rejected by His Father. He has come to take the Old Law out of the way and establish His church. It’s teaching like this parable in Luke 20:9-18 that will provoke those leaders to the point that they will trump up charges and bribe false witnesses to arrest, try, and have Him crucified. This parable is stark and shocking, and the moral as heavy as an anvil. Notice.

THESE LEADERS WERE GUILTY OF IMPROPER STEWARDSHIP (9). The “man” in the parable represents God, the Father. He made Israel a nation and gave the Jews a Law to follow and keep. The Jews, particularly the religious leadership, were entrusted with faithfully carrying it out, but they did not. 

THEY WERE GUILTY OF TAKING WHAT DIDN’T BELONG TO THEM (10). In fact, these leaders–dubbed “the vine-growers” by Jesus in this parable–thought that they were in charge. They sought to make people subject to them, to follow their rules (cf. Rom. 10:3-4). The end result was vain religion (Mat. 15:8-9).

THEY WERE GUILTY OF ABUSING THOSE SENT TO THEM (11-15). The “slaves” sent to them were presumably prophets and teachers, no doubt inclusive of John the Baptist. These were the Father’s spokesmen, come to teach and correct them. Each one sent was treated the same, sad way: they “beat him and sent him away empty-handed.” Last of all, the son was sent (13-14). The “owner” (the Father) sent Him, saying, “I will send my beloved son; perhaps they will respect him” (13). Instead, seeing Him as the heir, they plotted to kill Him (14). Obviously, Jesus is referring to Himself and the very thoughts these religious leaders were thinking as He told the parable! 

THEY WERE GUILTY OF LOSING WHAT WAS ENTRUSTED TO THEM (16-18). Instead of being convicted by this parable, these religious leaders recoil at the moral of the parable: “What, then, will the owner of the vineyard do to them? He will come and destroy these vine-growers and will give the vineyard to others” (15-16). Their emotion boils over and they audibly reply to Jesus’ parable, “May it never be!” They missed the travesty of the behavior they and their forefathers had shown to God’s messengers and the sin they were about to perpetrate on His Son. They didn’t want to lose their grip on the power and influence they had taken. But Jesus doubles down, changing the imagery from a vineyard to building construction. They were going to reject Jesus, the stone, but He would be made the chief corner stone. He would judge and destroy them, if they did not abandon their rebellion.

Jesus is full of love, kindness, and peace. But, that’s an incomplete picture of Him. He came to establish His rule and reign. He must be King and Lord of our lives. We must submit to His way and truth to enjoy His life. 

Open Bible on a black table with book marker and pink highlighting
Jesus Has All Authority