Tag: Isaiah

The Silence Of The Lamb

Neal Pollard

What do you contemplate during the Lord’s Supper? Your mind could go in a thousand directions, the cruelty and infliction of pain, the hatred and rejection, the eternal plan of God, His unending love, the ugliness of your sin, and on and on.

There is a curious aspect to the entire frenetic proceedings that Jesus endured. You first read about it in Isaiah’s prophecy concerning the atonement offered by the “Suffering Servant.” The prophet wrote, “He was oppressed and He was afflicted, Yet He did not open His mouth; Like a lamb that is led to slaughter, And like a sheep that is silent before its shearers, So He did not open His mouth” (53:7; cf. Acts 8:32). For emphasis, he says it twice: “He did not open His mouth.”

At the end of the gospel accounts, after Jesus’ arrest, we see two significant periods of time where this applied to Him. Before the Jews in the farce and mockery of a trial, Jesus kept silent (Mat. 26:63; Mark 14:62; Luke 23:9). Then, when handed before the Romans and their governor, Pilate, He did not answer (Mat. 27:12-14) and He gave him no answer (John 19:9). Scholars have scoured the ancient records in an effort to find anything like it in the legal annals of the Jews or Greco-Roman society.

Why did Jesus keep silent through the judgment phase of His crucifixion? He was not totally silent (Mat. 26:64; Luke 22:67-701), but as the charges bombarded and cascaded He gave no rebuttal. It was not that He could not. He had bested them in every debate and silenced them (see Mat. 22:46).

Why the silence?

  • He came to suffer, not to speak.
  • They would not have been convinced by His words any more than His wonderful works.
  • Jesus does not see this as a legal matter, but a spiritual necessity.
  • He placed His fate in the hands of God, as He prayed in Gethsemane (Mat. 26:39; John 6:38).
  • He accepted His situation.
  • The charge brought by two witnesses in Matthew 26:60-61 was technically true, though they twisted His words.
  • It provides a stark and compelling contrast between accusers and accused, which the reader readily sees.

No doubt there are more reasons, some known only to God. But it provides as much tension and drama in the Passion as it does confirmation of prophetic claims. It stands as but one of a thousand pictures of a loving, determined Savior to endure whatever necessary to pay for our sins with His life. The next time you contemplate the various “scenes of fear and woe,” take a moment to reflect on the silence of the Lamb. Through it, He truly speaks volumes!


1The reason for this is explained well by Stuart K. Weber : “When Jesus refused to answer and the attempts of the chief priests failed to convict Jesus, Caiaphas took the lead. I charge you under oath by the living God was the priest’s trump card. According to Jewish law, the priest had the authority to force a person to testify. If Jesus remained silent, he would violate the law. His decision to answer showed his respect for civil law and authority” (Holman NTC, 446-447).

Part 1: Moral Clarity in an Age of Antiheroes

To accurately understand Isaiah 5.20 against the backdrop of modern moral ambiguity, it is crucial to comprehend its original historical and literary context…

Brent Pollard

Text: “Woe to those who call evil good, and good evil; Who substitute darkness for light and light for darkness; Who substitute bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter!” — Isaiah 5.20

Expository Background: The Context of Isaiah 5.20

To accurately understand Isaiah 5.20 against the backdrop of modern moral ambiguity, it is crucial to comprehend its original historical and literary context. The prophet Isaiah shared his prophecies during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, a timeframe of around 740–686 BC. Concurrently, the kingdom of Judah experienced both material prosperity and a concerning spiritual decline.

The Literary Structure of Isaiah 5

Isaiah 5 opens with the famous “Song of the Vineyard” (vv. 1–7), in which God compares Israel to a carefully tended vineyard that produced sour grapes instead of the anticipated good fruit. The vineyard represents the chosen community, whereas the wild grapes symbolize their moral decline, despite being bestowed with plentiful spiritual blessings.

Following this parable, Isaiah announces six “woes” (vv. 8–23) that clearly illustrate how Israel has produced these “wild grapes.” Each lament tackles a particular transgression that had become prevalent in Judean society:

  1. An insatiable craving for acquiring land and possessions (vv. 8–10)
  2. A state of intoxication coupled with a lack of spiritual enthusiasm (vv. 11–17)
  3. Intentional misconduct and ridicule of the sacred (vv. 18–19)
  4. Labeling what is evil as good and vice versa (v. 20)
  5. Excessive pride and unwarranted confidence (v. 21)
  6. Corrupt authority and injustice (vv. 22–23)

The Specific Context of Verse 20

The fourth woe (verse 20) is essential in this list, underscoring its significance. The Hebrew phrasing employs four parallel clauses that form a chiastic, or mirrored, structure:

  • A: “those who call evil good”
  • B: “and good evil”
  • B’: “who substitute darkness for light”
  • A’: “and light for darkness”

This literary device underscores the significant shift in moral standards that occurred in Judean society. The messenger does not reflect accidental ethical ambiguity but rather an intentional and systematic inversion of the divine order established by the Creator.

Historical Circumstances

Archaeological evidence and scriptural records suggest that the land of Judah faced significant social unrest in the eighth century. While wealth increased and an elite class emerged, many people suffered from poverty and oppression. The political alliances of that era required concessions to the customs and beliefs of non-believing nations.

Crucially, in Judea, society developed complex justifications for actions that clearly violated divine laws. The wealthy justified their mistreatment of the poor as vital for economic growth. Religious leaders conformed to local customs to maintain political ties. Social elites altered moral standards to fit their personal goals.

Isaiah 5:20 specifically highlights the changing perspectives on morality within both intellectual and cultural contexts. The Hebrew verb amar, meaning “call,” suggests more than just a personal viewpoint; it denotes an authoritative pronouncement—key individuals were reshaping society’s moral discourse.

Theological Principles for Application

Several hermeneutical principles enable the legitimate application of Isaiah 5:20 to modern contexts:

  1. Divine moral standards are universal: The distinctions upheld by Isaiah testify to God’s immutable nature. What God deems wicked in one age remains wicked throughout all ages.
  2. Patterns of Betrayal in the Covenant: Though we do not belong to ethnic Israel, the New Testament recognizes the church as Israel’s spiritual counterpart (Galatians 6:16; 1 Peter 2:9).
  3. The Influence of Culture on Moral Understanding: Isaiah’s message targets the broader evolution of societal ethical standards, making his warnings perpetually relevant.
  4. The Weight of Leadership Endures: Isaiah’s woes address influential figures who shaped public values. Today, spiritual leaders bear a similar responsibility.

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (LX)

God’s Final Word To His People (66:1-24)

Neal Pollard

It seems to me that, as chapters 63-64 formulate the prayer of God’s people, chapters 65-66 form God’s answer to their lament. This final chapter also serves as a powerful summary and overview of the entire book. God addresses multiple audiences as He looks ahead one final time to the coming of the Messiah. Let’s notice the grand close to this often-regarded magnum opus of all the Old Testament prophetic works. 

A word to the humble (1-5). Isaiah at least alludes to, if not quotes, the Spirit-led David (2 Sam. 7:5-7) and Solomon (1 Ki. 8:27) at the former’s resolve to build the temple and the latter’s dedication of the temple. He expresses how He cannot be confined or contained in the worship structures built by man, even His own people’s sanctioned efforts. Perhaps Paul also has Isaiah 66 in the background of his thoughts as he preaches, “The God who made the world and all things in it, since He is Lord of heaven and earth, does not dwell in temples made with hands; nor is He served by human hands, as though He needed anything, since He Himself gives to all people life and breath and all things; and He made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth” (Acts 17:24-26a; cf. 1-2). He declares that He dwells not in literal structures, buildings, but in the right kinds of hearts. Specifically, He is to be found in humble, contrite, and trembling hearts. Could this be a three step process? Humility is affliction of heart, the poor in spirit (Mat. 5:3). Contrite is the crippling effect, the penitent in heart. Trembling is fear or terror at the power of God. If I’m convicted, experience godly sorrow, and then am filled with the dread of not having my sins forgiven, God knows that this is my best hope of doing what pleases Him. Verses 3-5 contrast this tenderness of heart, as He depicts those who choose their own way, delight in their abominations, refuse to listen, and prefer what God hates. These wicked ones may hate the humble of heart, but the arrogant will finally be put to shame. What a needed reminder for us, if we are trying to serve God in humility. We may be viewed contemptibly who are living by the gospel according to self, but God will humble the proud (Psa. 138:6; Prov. 3:34; Mat. 23:12; etc.). 

A word to the faithful (6-14). Isaiah engages in intimacy imagery to discuss the future rebirth of God’s people, likened to a mother giving birth to a child. He follows the metaphor from conception to the resulting child’s maturity. Restoration and return from captivity will happen as if the conception and birth occurred on the same day (7), even though there were birth pangs in between. Birth is an occasion for rejoicing (10). The mother-child relationship, with its intimacy and closeness (11-13) is the perfect picture of divine comfort (13). Don’t miss the connection of Isaiah’s Son (7:14; 9:6) and Servant (49:1) to be born and the “nation” (1 Pet. 2:5,9) that would come soon thereafter. Peace and glory would be seen and known to all who would become part of this privileged people. The New Testament shows the glorious fulfillment of this starting in Acts two. 

A word to the unrighteous (15-21). The language in this next to last paragraph is of judgment, a recurring theme throughout this entire book. Fire is an often-used symbol of judgment, from Mt. Sinai onward. This paragraph is full of the language of divine punishment– “render His anger with fury” (16), “His rebuke with flames of fire” (16), and “gather all nations” (18). God depicts Himself as all-knowing (18). In the wake of judgment, there will be restoration of true worship and faithful service (20-21). While the end for the wicked is depicted in darkest colors, there is hope for as long as there is still time. Remarkably, God extends a promise of forgiveness and restoration until the end of all things! Even when promising retribution, He offsets it with His perfect grace. 

A word to the whole world (22-24). Isaiah implies an eternal picture as He closes. His language of “new heavens and new earth” (22) will be taken by Peter (2 Pet. 3:13) and John (Rev. 21:1) and given eschatological (eternal) meaning. The eternal aspect is also embedded in the idea of the place and the people enduring (22). The picture of perpetuity is also seen in verse 23. Jesus takes the word picture in verse 24 and applies it to hell (Mark 9:48). Because of the successful work of Messiah, spiritual life and torment are co-eternal (Mat. 25:46). 

James Smith writes, “While gold and silver depict the glories of Zion, so fire and worms depict the fate of the wicked” (OT Survey Series, 171). Through this dramatic imagery, Isaiah points his readers ahead to more than return from a foreign, physical land. There is return from the figurative wilderness of sin. The Messiah will bring this about, and those who humble their hearts and faithfully follow Him will enjoy all He has to offer in the eternal fellowship and all His perfect home contains. This is a glory and hope for all nations! All because it comes from the heart and hand of a holy God. 

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (LVII)

The Lovingkindnesses Of The Lord (63:1-19)

Neal Pollard

In explaining this section (63-65), John A. Martin says, “Isaiah was writing for the exiles in Babylon who would view their situation as somewhat hopeless. They would not be able to sense how God could possibly help them in their distress. However, they would remember the way the Lord had helped His people in bringing them out of bondage in Egypt. This would encourage them to pray for release from their bondage” (BKC, Walvoord & Zuck, eds., 1118). Isaiah begins the chapter with the picture of the Lord’s triumphant battle against His enemies, His garments stained red with the blood of His enemies (1-3). His missions are vengeance and redemption (4), and He alone was responsible for the success of both (5-6). Isaiah has not long before says, “The Lord’s hand is not shortened that it cannot save” (59:1). Here, He acts in accordance with His own righteous nature.

He is full of favor (7-9). God’s people sing of the loyal love of God as they look to the past, shown by His goodness and compassion. He felt for them, saved them, lifted them, and carried them by His mercy and love. “All the days of old” (9) shows the retrospective look at the past, full of God’s favor and tenderness toward them. These were His people and He was their God (8).

He is firm (10). Think of times like the wilderness wandering, the period of the judges, or the Babylonian Captivity where the nation turned against God for self, sin, or idolatry. Isaiah classifies such behavior as rebellion, grieving the Holy Spirit. God says He fights against His people when they turn from Him. It is frightening to hear God declare Himself our enemy!

He is fair (11-15). As if waking up from a dream (nightmare?), they “remembered” the days when Moses led them. They recalled deliverance at the Red Sea (11), the Holy Spirit in their midst (11), which Isaiah elaborates on in verses 12-14. They cry out for that fairness as they pray to God for His mercy to be shown to them once more. They feel that He is holding back, and they plead for it to return!

He is Father (16-19). Isaiah exclaims this. “For You are our Father” (16). He says that even when the people forget this, it is still so (17). With oppression and opposition, they feel like one who was never ruled or possessed as His family. They long for that again.

Isaiah represents the nation, praying to God in the midst of abandonment. Their hope is that He will be consistent with His nature and shower them once more with lovingkindness. 

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (LVI)

For Zion’s Sake (62:1-12)

Neal Pollard

Isaiah continues to look to the future, as is noted by the verb tenses. 19 times, God speaks of what He “will” do or what “will” happen. Repeatedly, there are promises ushered “for Zion’s sake” (1). In this brief chapter, we note three of those promises.

A New Name (1-5). God’s people would be distinguished by specific characteristics like righteousness (1,2), salvation (1,11), glory (2), and a royal crown (3). They would be distinguished by a new relationship with God, described as His delight and His bride (4-5). God would rejoice over them. The common tie between these characteristics and this relationship is the new name which God Himself would designate. As one investigates the rest of Scripture, there seems to be one clear fulfillment to this promise. We first read it in Acts 11;26, then again in Acts 26:28 and 1 Peter 4:16. It is a name that honors the Messiah–“Christian.” 

Blessed Assurance (6-9). Isaiah speaks not only of what God would call His people with honor, but He also speaks of how He would take care of them. He appointed watchmen, guarding day and night (6). This symbolizes the everlasting vigilance of the God who never sleeps (40:28-31). He would not rest until He fulfilled His Word to His people (7-8). No longer would His people be prey or plunder, but praise instead. 

Salvation (10-12). Homer Hailey writes, “Isaiah urged the citizens of Zion to go out through the gates and prepare the way for the nations to enter” (A Commentary on Isaiah. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1985. 499; cf. 11:10; 49:22). God would send a Savior who would offer salvation “to the end of the earth” (11). He would offer salvation, reward, and recompense. The saved would be called “holy” (1 Pet. 2:9) and “redeemed” (Ti. 2:14; 1 Pet. 1:18). They would not be forsaken (Heb. 13:5-6). 

We have the benefit of hindsight which Isaiah’s audience could only dimly, at best, comprehend. Even the apostles, walking over three years with the Messiah Himself, had great difficulty understanding how Jesus had come to fulfill promises like these in Isaiah 62. Today, reading the New Testament, we have such an advantage. We wear that name, live with blessed assurance, and bask in His salvation. But it is not a secret to be kept to ourselves. God expects us to declare it “to the end of the earth.”

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (LIV)

Basking In The Glory Of The Lord (60:1-22)

Neal Pollard

At the end of the book of Revelation (21:25; 22:5), John borrows the imagery we see in Isaiah 59 and 60, that of an everlasting light and the end of darkness and night. In both places, it is the Lord who provides the inextinguishable light and the endless reign. Here in Isaiah 60, the prophet points to a future glory which would be seen in Zion. While Christ is not specific mentioned in this chapter, Isaiah anticipates the divine work that would usher in the glory. Indeed, Isaiah speaks of a coming Redeemer (16). God’s faithful would bask in the glory of the Lord, which would be seen in the coming of God the Son into the world.

The appearance of glory (1-2). The prophet anticipates the defeat of darkness over all the earth, dispelled by the glory of the Lord upon His chosen people. All who saw them would glorify God. 

The restoration of glory (3-4). Isaiah mentions other nations, without calling any names. Certainly, Babylon would come to mind. Perhaps the Medes and Persians are part of this. Isaiah calls his lowly brethren to anticipate kings and nations being amazed at God’s ability to bring His sons and daughters back from afar. Ultimately, this glory would be seen as Jesus appears (cf. John 12:41). 

The measuring of glory (5-9). Isaiah uses monetary imagery to depict this glory. Notice the financial terms–“abundance” (5), “wealth” (5), “multitude of camels” (6), “gold and frankincense” (6; cf. Matt. 2:11), “flocks” (7), and “silver and gold” (9). The prophet depicts a glory which was apparent to all who look on. While this appears to be figurative, it reveals glory in a way men appreciate. The idea is that they would see the glory of the Lord, appreciate the spiritual riches He brought, and they would serve and worship Him (cf. Acts 13:46-48; Paul quotes Isaiah 42:6; 49:6). 

The recognition of glory (10-14). What Isaiah saw was a turning of the tables. Judah was presently a weak and vulnerable nation. They would, for centuries to come, be subjugated to world powers. Isaiah foresaw a spiritual kingdom that would transcend earthly power. It would be embodied in the Kingdom of Christ. The prophet depicts this as foreigners aiding God’s people, bringing their treasures to them, rebuilding the sanctuary and repenting of their abuse of them. While that may have a more immediate reference to Judah’s return from exile, Isaiah appears to point to something grander and more enduring. The nations would have a part in helping to build the spiritual kingdom. 

The resilience of glory (15-18). Isaiah depicts something “everlasting” (15,19). He says that violence, devastation or destruction would “not be heard again in your land” (18). Instead, there would be salvation and praise. Such a transformation of fortune! To what end? “Then you will know that I, the Lord, am your Savior And your Redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob” (16). 

The reason for glory (19-22). All of this was designed to help the people of God finally and forever recognize the glory (19), light (20), transformation (21), and ability (22) of God. Ending with the light and glory imagery he began with, Isaiah sets the table for the righteous to anticipate the Messianic age to come. 

How faith-affirming it is to look at Isaiah from this side of the cross. We appreciate how what Isaiah so clearly foresaw, Jesus came and fulfilled. We are among those of the nations who glorify God and serve in the kingdom of Christ. Truly, we bask in the glory of the Lord!

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (LI)

God’s Response To The Wicked (57:1-21)

Neal Pollard

Judah’s leaders (ch. 56) were thoroughly ungodly and blind to the danger their unrighteousness was leading them toward. It would come in the form of oppression from foreign nations (56:9). The righteous would be prematurely taken from among them (1-2), giving them peace and rest while leaving the wicked to face God’s judgement. Sometimes, God’s mercy is seen in delivering His faithful from the dark times in which they live. From verses 3-21, we read of God’s response to the wicked. He summons them, saying, “But come here, you son of a sorceress, offspring of an adulteress and a prostitute” (3). With such a wicked one before Him, He lays out His case with the charges to the idolatrous nation of Judah. 

God lays out the charges (3-10). These charges are representative of the whole of Judah’s iniquity. They all center in some way around idolatry. James Smith sees six in these verses: (1) Drunken revelry of the tree cult, (2) Child sacrifice, (3) Worshiping stone cult, (4) Sexual immorality on the high places, (5) Private deities in their homes, and (6) pilgrimages to worship Molech (5-10)(The Major Prophets, 153). No more serious charge could be levied, violations of the first two of The Ten Commandments (Exo. 20:3-4). They abandoned God for gods, not only foolish but fatal. 

God renders His judgment (11-13). Because they did not turn to God before their trouble came (11), He would leave them to their religious alternatives in their time of calamity. They relied on the idols in quieter times. His message is to rely on them now that they cried out, and see how helpful they are. But by contrast, “he who takes refuge in Me will inherit the land and will possess My holy mountain” (13). 

God provides hope after this case is closed (14-19). That hope was, as just noted, for those who turn to God for help. Isaiah seems to reflect back on chapter 40, referencing the smooth road paved by the Lord (40:3-5). The formerly faithful died and were removed from the nation (1-2). The future faithful are those who are “contrite and lowly in spirit” (15), whom God will reach out to and restore. There is no doubt that the current nation had earned divine punishment, a point Isaiah repeatedly makes in this paragraph. But, the gracious God foretells an end of His anger (16-18) despite their wicked ways. He holds out the prospect of restoration leading to praise, peace, and prescription (19). 

God offers no hope to the guilty who show no remorse (20-21). Bluntly, “There is no peace for the wicked” (21). There are some who could not receive enough warnings and judgments to turn their hearts from sin to God. No disaster, no withholding of blessings is sufficient enough to alter the course of the hardhearted. God knows that perfectly well. 

The prospect of relief and mercy was apparent and available. Judah could look back to their past and see it. Isaiah points ahead and promises it. Let us think about our day and time, 2,000 years after the Suffering Servant gave Himself to bring hope to the world. If we will keep our hearts contrite and humble, we can have hope in the face of judgment! 

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (L)

Universal Joy Through Obedience (56:1-12)

Neal Pollard

Chapter 56 begins the last major section of the book of Isaiah. Gary Smith titles this section “the destiny of God’s servants” (NAC, 516). This chapter helps us know who is included in His servants and how they come to be recognized as such. There is one who, like Psalm one, is called the blessed man (2). He is the one who does what God commands. These appear to be the captives from the latter half of the book, anticipating freedom and restoration. What does God expect of them, if they wish to be blessed and joyful? 

There Must Be Moral Uprightness (1-2). God promises His salvation and righteousness, but only to those who “preserve justice and do righteousness” (1). He offers to bless those whose worship and conduct align, avoiding evil and good what is right. God never blesses those whose morality or doctrine conflict His revealed will. 

There Must Be Confidence In God’s Power (3). This is seen in what God is promising for the future of His people. Included in His family, which would be inaugurated by His Chosen Servant, are the foreigners and eunuchs. These were excluded under the Law of Moses, but they would be included in what was to come. 

There Must Be Faithful Worship (4-7). That God wishes to include the outcasts and formerly excluded is seen in His conditional acceptance of them. To those who keep His sabbaths, minister to Him, pray in His house, offer burnt offerings and their sacrifices, God would make better than sons and daughters, His servants, and participants in His covenant. Worship must be coupled with choosing what pleases God and holding fast to His covenant (4). What would be the response of the obedient, hearing that God embraces them? They would be joyful (7). Those who adore God enough to serve Him daily and worship Him faithfully would have a place in His house and an everlasting name (5). 

There Must Be Repentance (8-12). Isaiah shifts his focus back to the present disobedience of God’s people. The glorious, future hope was impeded by the unrighteousness of the leadership. The current leadership had learned nothing of God’s power and punishment. John Martin suggests, “The Lord called for the beasts (Gentile powers, probably Babylon) to devour (punish) Israel because she was spiritually insensitive” (BKC, Ed. Walvoord and Zuck, 1112). Those leaders are compared to blind watchmen (10), mute dogs (10), sleeping dreamers (10), greedy dogs (11), ignorant shepherds (11), and foolish drunkards (12). The righteous were frustrated with them and their only hope of peace was to die (57:1-2). 

Joy was only a distant hope for the original readers of Isaiah’s words here. Punishment had to come before peace could be legitimately offered. God had something better in store for future generations who believed His plan and obeyed His will. We are living in that better time now. The Servant has completed His work and now reigns in heaven. We get to choose whether or not we want the joy only He can offer us (1 John 1:4; 2 John 12). 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLIX)

“Seek The Lord…” (55:1-13)

Neal Pollard

Chapters 40-55 seem to be one long unit, devoted to the comfort God extends to His people through atonement for sin and deliverance from other nations. The NASB (95) puts Isaiah 55:12-13 in quotation marks, signaling to us that this is a hymn and ends this section. Smith identifies hymns in the book that served the same purpose in 12:1-6, 42: 10-13, 44:23, 49:13, and 52:9-10 (NAC, 493-494).  This final chapter tells us that God longs to bless His people, but His people must repent to enjoy them.

The axis point of this chapter is a call to “seek the Lord while He may be found; Call upon Him while He is near” (6). It stands between the blessings promised (1-5) and the spiritual change required (7-11). No one accidentally grows close to God or walks obediently to His will by mere chance. Let’s notice how Isaiah highlights this way to transformation and why one would want to pursue it. 

Seek the Lord because He provides (1-2). Four items are identified–water, wine, milk, and bread. Listening to God, His people enjoy abundant provision. It is foolish to look to anyone or anything else to give what only He can give. 

Seek the Lord because He gives life (3). Listening to Him, one is promised life. While that may include physical life, the implication is eternal life shown through His “everlasting covenant” with His people. 

Seek the Lord because He gives identity (3-5). He appeals to their common heritage in David (3), but He offers an even greater identity through His name and what being His people does for them. Through the Lord’s leadership, one is glorified (5). Being a child of God exalts one’s name and purpose, not for our sake but for His (cf. Eph. 3:20-21). 

Seek the Lord because He gives forgiveness (6-7). In the middle verses of chapter 55, Isaiah makes a play on the words “thoughts” and “ways.” He begins by calling for the wicked to forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts (6). Why? Because God’s ways and thoughts are not ours, but are more exalted and important (8-9).  But by forsaking our own thoughts and ways for His, we can expect to have compassion and abundant pardon!

Seek the Lord because He gives wisdom (8-11). Not only are His thoughts and ways higher than ours, but they are fruitful and productive. He illustrates this with the cyclical nature of moisture and seed production. The rain and snow come from heaven, waters the earth, makes it bear and sprout, drops seed, and ultimately provides bread for the one who sows the seed. Isaiah says that this is how God’s Word works. He sends it, His faithful servants sow it, and it produces results (see how Paul alludes to this idea in 2 Cor. 9:10, as well as Matt. 24:35; Luke 8:11; 1 Pet. 1:23). 

Seek the Lord because He gives unexpected joy (12-13). The fruit of God’s wisdom is joy, peace, and fruitfulness. With figurative language and hyperbole, Isaiah illustrates this blessing with mountains and hills celebrating, trees clapping, and cypress and myrtle trees coming forth from the seeds of thorn bushes and nettles. God’s power takes the refuse and contemptible things of life and shows His power through His ability to make it incredibly wonderful. Remember Paul’s words? “God has chosen the foolish things of the world to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to shame the things which are strong, and the base things of the world and the despised God has chosen, the things that are not, so that He may nullify the things that are, so that no man may boast before God. But by His doing you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification, and redemption, so that, just as it is written, ‘Let him who boasts, boast in the Lord'” (1 Cor. 1:27-31).

At least six blessings in this brief chapter are attached to seeking the Lord, and Isaiah says that seeking the Lord and changing from our sinful ways are imperative to receiving them. God can take the worst of situations and make them far better than we could imagine. He waits to bless us, but He is waiting for us to come to Him (Matt. 11:28-30). 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLVII)

“The Suffering Servant” (53:1-12)

Neal Pollard

Walvoord and Zuck observe, “This is perhaps the best-known section in the Book of Isaiah. Several parts of this passage are quoted in the New Testament: Isaiah 52:15 in Romans 15:21; Isaiah 53:1 in John 12:38 and Romans 10:16; Isaiah 53:4 in Matthew 8:17; Isaiah 53:7–8 in Acts 8:32–33; Isaiah 53:9 in 1 Peter 2:22; and Isaiah 53:12 in Luke 22:37” (BKC, 1106).  This chapter is the most recognizably Messianic of the entire book of Isaiah. It is the completion of the fourth Servant Poem, in which the prophet reveals three crucial facts about Him.

The suffering servant would be overlooked (1-2). Why? Given the prelude of this Servant (52:13-15), this is a surprising fact. This exalted and glorified One is described now as a tender shoot, a root out of dry ground, with no stately form or majesty, and without an attractive appearance. The message about Him and from Him is deemed unbelievable (1). He grows up among the people, who cannot but see Him only as a carpenter, Mary’s son, with younger brothers and sisters, and, thus, a cause of offense (Mark 6:3). He is “this man” (Luke 7:39). The root out of dry ground takes our minds back to Isaiah 11:1, the tender shoot of Jesse. Physically unremarkable, financially modest, and without any sort of commending pedigree, He was an average, ordinary-looking Man among men. 

The suffering servant would be oppressed (3-10a). Beyond His humble circumstances, His contemptible appearance, combined with His relentless effort to spread His unconventional message backed by undeniable miracles, led to His opponents doing all within their power to punish and silence Him. Graphically, Isaiah foretells what those among whom He dwelled dispatched of Him (or so they thought). His oppression was vicious. It led Him to experience despising, forsaking, grieving, sorrowing, and condescending (3,7). His oppression was vicarious. It led Him to experience things for us, things we deserved to experience but that He went through on our behalf (4-6,8). James Smith gives us a concise chart of this:

OUR EXPERIENCEHIS EXPERIENCE
GriefsBore
SorrowsCarried
TransgressionPierced Through
IniquitiesCrushed
PeaceChastening
HealedScourging

 Smith, James E. The Major Prophets. Joplin, MO: College Press, 1992. Print. Old Testament Survey Series, 149. 

His oppression was voluntary (7). Reading the fulfillment of this in the gospels as Jesus stands before Pilate and His many accusers, He chose not to speak to defend Himself. He knew that as a sacrificial Lamb, He had to submit to their torture and injustice. His oppression was violent, as we see from the many words associated with the death He would die (9). His oppression was victorious (9-10). It accomplished the Divine purpose, in which He played a part as God the Word. He successfully became the blood offering for our sins (10). But that last fact points us to the last major point of the chapter (10b-12). 

The suffering servant would be an overcomer (10b-12). As this was the premeditated plan of heaven, the Godhead knew that death could not keep Him down and the grave could not hold Him (1 Cor. 15:54-57). That’s why the Lord was “pleased” to allow such cruelty to occur. After being made a guilt offering for our sins, “the Lord would prolong His days” (10). Notice how the vicarious nature of the suffering Servant’s sacrifice would satisfy divine justice and solve humanity’s spiritual debt problem. 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLVII)

“Our God Reigns” (52:1-15)

Neal Pollard

Chapter 52 is a dramatic call for the southern kingdom (and Jerusalem specifically) to awaken themselves at the deliverance and assurance of a God who is on their side. As we see this brief chapter, which leads in the better known 53rd chapter, there are a few significant details which build hope. Why? Because it centers around the God we serve.

God, The King, Values Us (1-5). Protectively, God calls to His people to be clothed in strength and beauty (1). It is a call to arise from captivity, having been bound by Egypt and Assyria (4). God arises like an advocate, pleading the case of His people (5). He does so from the standpoint of the personal cost He feels and the blasphemy it brings on His name (5). He does not want to see His people enslaved or humbled another moment.

God, The King, Redeems Us (6-10). This section is by far the most familiar to not only Bible readers, but those who recognize its words in a song we sing in worship. Especially note verse seven: “How lovely on the mountains Are the feet of him who brings good news, Who announces peace And brings good news of happiness, Who announces salvation, And says to Zion, ‘Your God reigns!’” God anticipates the day when His people would know His name and recognize His voice (6). That would be possible through the heralding of His messengers (7-8). The result would be celebration–shouts of joy (8-9), comfort (9), redemption (9), and salvation (10). But, by God’s might (10), it would be a salvation accessible to all nations (cf. Mat. 28:19; Acts 1:8). 

God, The King, Challenges Us (11-12). The call is for separation and purification. As they left captivity, they were not to take its spiritual influence with them. Despite the terror they faced going into bondage, they would come out with peace and security. God not only calls for righteousness, He pledges His help as they pursue it. 

God, The King, Visits Us (13-15). These verses actually seem to begin the fourth and final “Servant Song” that continues through the next chapter. Each song begins, “Behold, my Servant” or a similar phrase (42:1; 49:1; 50:4). While chapter 53 will focus on His suffering, the Messiah is introduced with His being “high and lifted up and greatly exalted” (13). Philippians 2:9-11 says that glory would follow suffering. Here, we are reminded of how glorious this one who came to be the Servant is. These verses are a prelude to the awful picture of suffering that follows, especially verses 14-15. Notice that this Servant will astonish many with what He suffers, just as the Jewish nation suffered in the captivity. He would be marred and disfigured beyond human likeness (14). Oh, how the gospels will portray that on the day of His crucifixion. This servant will also atone for many by His sacrifice, implying His blood by the mention of “sprinkling” (15). This servant will disclose the truth of His identity to those in high places (15). Paul quotes Isaiah 52:15 and applies it to Jesus, when he reveals in Romans 15:21 that he shared Jesus in places where he had not been. This verse is cited as biblical defense for such. The Jews rejected or minimized Old Testament passages that portrayed the Servant as sufferer rather than sovereign. But, the message of Scripture is that we must Christ, all of Him, as the one exalted but first executed, as the one triumphant but only after He was threatened, tortured, and terminated. 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLVI)

The Servant’s Words To The Weary Exiles (51:1-23)

Neal Pollard

James Smith observes, “Four exhortations to Zion follow the third Servant poem (which he identifies as 50:10-51:8, NP). Each is accompanied by promises designed to lift the spirits of God’s people during the period of their captivity” (OT Survey, 145). The first exhortation, to trust God in adversity, is found in the last several verses of chapter ten, followed by three in this chapter. First, remember their heritage (1-3). Second, listen to divine instruction (4-6). Third, take courage in God’s deliverance (7-8). This is followed by an extended call to God to “awake” and to Jerusalem to “rouse” (9-23). Verses 9-16 have been called a “wake up prayer to God,” while verses 17-23 have been called a “wake up prayer to a drunken woman” (Zion)(Smith, 147). It appears to me that there are three categories of individuals that are the subject of this “Servant song,” looking at past, present, and future. All the way through this section, the central focus is on one individual–The Servant–who is the coming Christ. 

Isaiah 51 speaks of the expectation of the righteous (1-8).  One is struck with the calls for the upright to act: “listen” (1,7), “look” (1,2), “pay attention” (4), “give ear” (4), “lift up” (6), “fear not” (7), and “be not dismayed” (7). These are calls of encouragement from the Lord. Blessed assurance fills the content of this paragraph. They could remember Abraham and Sarah, who were unlikely candidates for beginning an entire nation (2). They could remember Eden and appreciate what God was capable of, even as they found themselves in waste places, wildernesses, and deserts (3). The reason for their optimism was the character of God, from His law (4) to His deliverance and salvation (5-6,8). It was but for them to be faithful and fearless (7). 

Isaiah 51 speaks of the endurance of the Lord (9-16). Isaiah builds upon the righteous character of the Lord in assuring the godly and obedient. This prayer begins with the nation pleading with God to awake, but He declares that He is not only awake but also at work. He is the God of comfort (12), creation (13), capability (14-15), covenant (15,16), and covering (16). He declares who and what He is–“I am” (12,15) and what He has done– “I have” (16, cf. 22). To a people afraid of their enemies and lacking confidence in their deliverance, God reminds them of His limitless ability which aids them and destroys their enemies. 

Isaiah 51 speaks of the enfeeblement of the wicked (17-23). The tables are turned, and now God is calling for the spiritually drunk to wake up and sober up. They called on God to wake up, and He proves to them He is never asleep on the job. Instead, they are reeling from drinking the cup of God’s anger due to their rebellion (17). Sin has left the nation weak, aimless, unguided, inconsolable, helpless, and the object of God’s wrath and rejection (18-20). Yet, even in this condition, they are offered hope from God. He offers to take the chalice of reeling and divine anger from their hands and put it in the hands of their tormentors (21-23). Grace even in judgment! Hope even in the wake of their sin!

In the past, the people had seen God deliver them from Egypt (Rahab, 9; see 30:7). In the future, the people would see God deliver them from the Chaldeans (23; see 49:26). In the present, the people should look to the God they had ignored and forsaken, repenting and once again finding their strength and salvation in Him alone. What a timeless message! 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLIV)

Introducing “The Servant” (49:1-26)

Neal Pollard

When our boys were small, our family devotions included their matching a Bible book with a fact about it. Our clue for Isaiah was, “Who was the prophet who talked about the Messiah?” While he is far from the only prophet who talked about Christ, Isaiah by far says the most about Him among the prophets. Starting in Isaiah 49, the prophet introduces and has speak the One who calls Himself “the servant” (5,6,7). 

The Servant Reveals His Mission (1-6). He starts with an allusion to His incarnation and the virgin birth (1), where He is named before He’s born. While this might have some limited connection to a prophet like Jeremiah (Jer. 1:5), it seems ultimately to point to Jesus. There are so many New Testament references to ideas found in these six verses that it must refer to Him. John takes the imagery of the sword in His mouth, applying it to Jesus in Revelation (1:16; 2:12,16). Verse six is discerned in the words of Paul (Acts 26:23) and Simeon (Luke 2:30-32). His mission was restoration (5-6), revelation (6), and salvation (6). 

The Servant Exposes His Rejection (7-13). That this Servant is Jesus is also deduced from the things said in this paragraph. The language and phrases here are repeated again in the Servant Poem of Isaiah 52:13-53:12, several phrases and verses of which are cited in the New Testament and applied to Jesus (Rom. 10:16; Mat. 8:17; Acts 8:32,33; etc.). Ultimately, rulers would acknowledge Him (7; Phil. 2:9-11), but He would be despised and abhorred (7). Isaiah speaks of a future, favorable time (8) which Paul applies to the Christian Age (2 Cor. 6:2). Reign required rejection, and acceptance would follow abuse and abasement. His covenant, forged by His suffering and rejection, would mean multiplied blessings for His followers (9-13). 

The Servant Addresses His People (14-26). The Servant shares the people’s complaints, providing heaven’s answers to them. They say the Lord has forsaken and forgotten them (14), but He says it would be easier for a mother to forget her infant or unborn child (15). They are inscribed on His hand (16). Other saviors would fail them (17-19), but He would not! They would bemoan their captivity (20), but He vows to deliver (22). He would vanquish their oppressors and be their protector (23-26).

To a people marching toward captivity, Isaiah paints a much bigger picture and invites them to look further down the road to the time when Messiah comes. Jews would take passages like Isaiah 49, using them to anticipate His appearance for centuries to follow. That they missed Him when He came only strengthened the truth and divine source of Isaiah’s words here. 

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLIII)

Listen To Me (48:1-22)!

Neal Pollard

James Smith neatly summarizes the last 27 chapters of Isaiah as an introduction of two servants of God. He writes, “One was obedient, the other disobedient. The first was an individual; the second represented the entire nation” (OT Survey Series, 128). Starting at the end of chapter 44 through the end of this chapter, Isaiah predicts the coming of Cyrus the Great well before even his birth. But Cyrus is not the point; He’s an illustration of the point. The point is about the rock solid nature of God’s Word! Twice, He calls to Israel and says, “Hear me!” (1,12). He declares and proclaims (3). He prefaces His revelation by stating, “Thus says the Lord…” (17). He admonishes them to pay attention to His commandments (18). He punctuates statements with “says the Lord” (17,22). All of this is a summons to listen to Him!

Notice God’s case for the people to hear His word.

He accurately foretells the future (3-5). From long ago, He declared things before they happened. Knowing how hardhearted the people were, He did this as a loving act to soften those hearts. Their idols could not do this (5)!

He foretells new things that had not been before (6-8). Here is proof of His unique nature. They could not compare what He prophecies with anything like it in their past. They could not have imagined it and they had no experience with it, proving God’s superlative ways. 

He acts in the defense and protection of His own character (9-11). All that He did and the things He chose not to do which demonstrated His mercy was a show of love, but even more than that it was in harmony with His perfect character. Three times, He says, “For my sake.” For His praise and glory, He did these marvelous things. 

He backs up His word with His unmatched power (12-16). He is first in time (12), best by means of creation (13), superior by reason of sustaining (13), unparalleled because of His love (14), and all of it proves what He can make and do like no one else can! 

His words have unmatched value (17-22). Notice. His words teach one to profit (17). His words lead to well-being and righteousness (18). His words leads men to pave a better road for their children (19). His word gives redemption (20). His word leads to providence and blessings (20-21).

God is about to talk to His people about the prospect of their restoration (ch. 49-55). But first, they needed to prepare their hearts and change their lives. Truly, “When people fall away from God, he will challenge them in various ways. In this case God calls for his people to listen to him, to hear him out, and respond accordingly. If they would just take into consideration who God is (the Creator, Lord of history, Redeemer, Holy One, Teacher, and Leader), then God would be able to pour out his blessing on his people” (G. Smith, NAC, 333). 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLII)

Comparing Bel And Babylon To The Lord (46:1-47:15)

Neal Pollard

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World

Comparing Babylon To The Lord (46:1-47:15)

Neal Pollard

It seems plausible that the central idea in Isaiah 46-48 is given in the statement, “I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is none like me” (46:9). You will notice a decided contrast, specifically between the Lord with Bel and Nebo (46:1) and between God and Babylon (47:1). The Babylonians are associated with their gods, and God calls His people to sit in the jury and judge between both. The verdict is a foregone conclusion, if they will honestly examine the evidence. At least five pieces of evidence are brought forth in these two chapters. 

His Power (46:1-7). By contrast, Bel, Nebo, and any material god must be created by man before it can be worshipped. It cannot save (2). It must be carried to the place of worship and set up before men fall before it (7). It is inanimate, inaudible, and impotent (7). But God made us, carries us, and saves us (4).

His Perception (46:8-10). It is in this section that the aforementioned statement is made of the special, unique nature of God (9). “He declares the end from the beginning and from ancient times things not yet done” (10). For an example, look at the previous chapters where He presents for their consideration a king who would not be born for well over a century when Isaiah writes. Our God has perfect foreknowledge. None other has that ability.

His Purpose (46:10-13). As a part of His foreknowledge, God sets forth His purpose. He declares His purpose and counsel (10), then reveals what it is. It involves using a man from a far country, whom He calls a “bird of prey” (11). It is not shown here who that is. Jeremiah and Ezekiel call Nebuchadnezzar an eagle (Jer. 49:22; Ezek. 17:3). But the main thing is not the predator, but the God who purposes to use him. He purposes what He does in order to bring about His righteousness and salvation (13). Whatever He purposes will happen (Job 42:2), and He purposes only what is good and right (Gen. 18:25).

His Perseverance (47:1-9). The attention is suddenly turned upon Babylon, with God sending this nation a message even before it rises to global prominence. Isaiah appears to look past the Assyrians and the Babylonians to the Medo-Persian rise to power as a world empire. Cyrus will humble and subjugate Babylon, a sign that God has not given up on His people. God was angry at His people for their sin and would use Babylon to punish them (47:6), but this heathen nation was foolish not to see that they could not flaunt His will and survive. 

His Purity (47:10-15). Isaiah lays out the sin and wickedness of Babylon–lovers of pleasure (8), complacent (8), wickedness (10), sinful pride (10), and sorcery (12). It would harm them and any who allied with them (15). The next chapter will vindicate the character of God, but He is not susceptible to any of these spiritual impurities. He is the antithesis of them.

A recurring theme of Scripture is something we often sing, that “there is no God like Jehovah.” How foolish to trust anything or anyone besides Him. God’s Old Testament people made that mistake to their harm and destruction. We must not follow their footsteps, in view of our Awesome and only God! 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XLI)

God’s Use Of A Persian King (45:1-25)

Neal Pollard

Isaiah writes in the 8th Century B.C. about a man who would reign nearly 200 years later. He calls him by his name (4), which is a Persian rather than a Jewish name. It must have seemed strange to Isaiah’s audience given not just the man’s ethnicity but his nation’s relative obscurity at the time of the prophet’s writing. Much of this chapter is devoted to explaining how Cyrus’ rise and his benevolent actions is a clear, powerful statement about the greatness and uniqueness of God. 

DIVINE DIRECTION (1-8). Isaiah walks through God’s plan to accomplish His will through Cyrus. He calls him His “anointed” (the Hebrew word “messiah”). That He will be with and empower this Persian is graphically explained: “whose right hand I have grasped, to subdue nations before him and to loose the belts of kings, to open doors before him that gates may not be closed” (1). God tells the nation what He will do through Cyrus (2-3) and that He does so for their sake and so they will know His power and love (4-8). The reason behind all of this is to turn the heart of His people back toward Him, that they would trust and obey Him. It is interesting to read the ancient historian Josephus, who writes that Cyrus read the book of Isaiah prompting him to order the rebuilding of the temple and even its dimensions (Antiquities XI.5-7; XV.386). 

DIVINE SOVERIGNTY (9-13). A natural response to what we read in the first eight verses is, “Why?” Why use a foreign king and speak so favorably of him? Why make such a plan? God explains by pointing out His sovereignty, His supreme and ultimate power. It is like clay arguing with a potter or a child questioning its parents concerning how or why it came to be (9-10). God has absolute right as Creator to do as He pleases (11-13), and the rest of this chapter demonstrates that He can be trusted to act in only righteous and perfect ways. That includes His utilization of Cyrus in His plans (13). 

DIVINE SALVATION (14-25). I like James Smith’s analysis of this plan of salvation articulated by Isaiah. Taking verses 9-25 together, Smith says:

  • God’s plan was unchallengeable in its origin (9ff).
  • God’s plan was consistent in its direction (11-13).
  • God’s plan was universal in its scope (14).
  • God’s plan was certain in its result (15-17).
  • God’s plan was rational in its design (18-25).

(Major Prophets, 134).

While the prophecy about Cyrus would be fulfilled in 536 B.C. and the temple would be completed in 520, there is with Isaiah a look at ultimate salvation. The justification and salvation Isaiah writes of in this more specific sense would be brought about through the God whose character and nature would be most perfectly shown in the coming of the Messiah, Jesus of Nazareth. Isaiah is looking forward, not just a few hundred years but over 700 years to the coming of the Savior. Do you see glimpses of this is statements like, “To me every knee will bow, every tongue will swear allegiance” (23b; Phil. 2:10-11)? 

Isaiah’s audience trusted in Assyria and Egypt to be their Savior. They could not pick for themselves a deliverer better than God could. Cyrus would prove this point, but Jesus would be the ultimate demonstration of this truth! 

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XXXVII)

Promise And Peril (42:1-25)

Neal Pollard

Dr. Ralph Wilson has noted “that Isaiah is quoted (or alluded to) in the Gospels approximately 21 times, 25 times in Paul’s letters, 6 times in 1 Peter, 5 times in Acts, 4 times in Revelation, and once in Hebrews” (jesuswalk.com). A great many of these are Messianic prophesies, including two in Isaiah 42. Isaiah focuses on a picture of the Messiah which he most fully presents of all the Old Testament writers, and that is the picture of “servant.” This chapter looks ahead to what God will accomplish through this servant for the good of His people.

THE SERVANT OF GOD (1-4). Isaiah writes of His choosing (1-2) and His character (2-4). God speaks possessively, “my servant…my chosen…in whom my soul delights…my Spirit” (1). Concerning His coming work and walk, the prophet speaks of His balance of humility and strength, a gentle judge! Matthew takes these verses and applies them to Jesus in Matthew 12:18-21, as proof of His identity as the miraculous healer who confirms His message and confounds His opponents in the region of Galilee. 

THE WORK OF GOD (5-12). Who would bring forth this Servant? Isaiah describes God, the Lord, through His voice in this paragraph. He is the One who stretched out the heavens and spread out the earth (5). He is Creator. He is the One who set man’s spirit in him (5). He is the Animator. He is the One who sustains man (6-7, 13). He is the Sustainer. He is the One who speaks with splendor (8-9). He is the Revealer. He is the subject of song (10-12). He is the Worshipped. In the midst of this depiction of God’s works, we have another fulfilled prophecy. Paul quotes verse six to justify his taking the gospel to the Gentiles (Acts 13:47), the apostle explaining to the Jews, “It was necessary that the word of God be spoken to you first; since you repudiate it and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we are turning to the Gentiles. For so the Lord has commanded us…” (Acts 13:46-47a).

THE HEARTBREAK OF GOD (14-25). If Isaiah’s audience mistook the gracious patience of the Lord for weakness or indulgence, the prophet corrects such thinking. God’s response to His people’s repeated rejection was perfect displeasure. His broken heart is revealed by His wrath (14-17), His words (18-20), and His wonders (21-25). His wrath was displayed to His unfaithful people who trusted in idols; He would allow them to wallow in self-destruction. He speaks to the spiritually deaf and blind, knowing they will persist in their ignorance. He magnified His glorious law and ignited His fires of judgment, but the people refused to turn to Him.

Isn’t this the all-too-frequent picture of man’s hardhearted refusal to accept the gracious guidance of God? As Isaiah foresees the coming of the Messiah, God in the flesh, mankind had the opportunity to receive their King. Instead, they rejected Him and put Him on a cross. Through His apostles and prophets, He gave us His written will. Yet, the majority refuse to believe and/or follow it. Tragic as it is, God foresees it even here in Isaiah 42. The thoughtful and righteous “Sing to the Lord a new song, Sing His praise from the end of the earth!” (10).

Isaiah: The Holy One Who Rules The World (XXXVI)

“Fear Not, For I Am With You; Be Not Dismayed” (41:1-29)

Neal Pollard

We are not certain if Robert Keen or George Keith penned the hymn, “How Firm A Foundation.” Whomever wrote it, we know they drew their inspiration for the second verse from Isaiah 41. The song says, “Fear not, I am with thee, O be not dismayed, for I am thy God, and will still give thee aid; I’ll strengthen thee, help thee, and cause thee to stand, upheld by my righteous, omnipotent hand.” Compare those lyrics with verse 10. Isaiah writes those words in the midst of declaring God’s greatness once more after having done so in the previous chapter. The context now is in the face of other nations and other gods, with His own people tempted to trust both instead of Him. Yet, they can rest assured because of who God is.

They should not fear because of God’s providence (1-7). God begins by inviting the nations to approach and draw near (1). He declares His active involvement in the whole world, the one who stirs, gives up nations, tramples, makes, pursues, performs, and calls them (2-4). He says the coastlands to the ends of the earth fearfully acknowledge His involvement (5ff). Isaiah’s report of the nations’ trembling should be seen as a comfort to His own chosen ones.

Those heathen ones trust their idols, who could not prevent what God was determining to do.

They should not fear because of God’s strength (8-16). This passage reminds me of what Paul says in 2 Timothy 2:13, as he gives the trustworthy statement that “if we are faithless, He remains faithful, for He cannot deny Himself.” They had notoriously chosen gods and nations instead of “the Lord,” Redeemer,” and “Holy One of Israel” (14). They should not fear because this omnipotent God has chosen and called them (8-9), sustained them (10), defended and protected them (11-14), and enabled them for victory (15-16). Because of God’s strength, His people could be strong! That was the only way they could be.

They should not fear because of God’s blessings (17-20). The goodness of God is an opportunity for humanity to look up and appreciate Him as Creator and sustainer. Isaiah isolates the poor and needy, those most helpless, noting that even these are not beyond His benevolent gifts. At the height of their need and despair, God says He will answer them and not forsake them (17) by providing what they need (18-19) “that they may see and know, may consider and understand together, that the hand of the Lord has done this” (20). God’s blessings exist not for our indulgence, but for our enlightenment. He wants us to appreciate that “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change” (Js. 1:17). If we grasp that, we will make the right choice of Master in life. 

They should not fear because of God’s control (21-29). God shifts His attention and voice to the impotent idols of the nations. Smith says that He addresses them: “He urged them to (1) make known former things; (2) make known future things; and (3) do good or evil, i.e., do something” (The Major Prophets, 126-127). They are unable to do so, of course. So, God distinguishes Himself from all rivals by declaring things to come (25-27). These idols are powerless and mindless, and they cannot declare what is front of them much less what is to come (28-29). Later in Isaiah, the prophet will show through his words that God gave him a clear message about future events that would be verified in time. Only the Holy One of heaven can do such things.

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (XXXV)

Three Blessings God Supplies (40:1-31)

Neal Pollard

As Isaiah resumes his prophetic writing and, especially in this portion of the book looks ahead to the coming Messiah, He does so highlighting the greatness of God. The first eleven verses highlight the greatness of His Word, while the rest of the chapter focuses on the greatness of His character. Isaiah focuses on three of the blessings His people enjoy because of the truth of His word and the perfection of His character. 

COMFORT (1-11). This blessing emerges at a time after the people have been embattled and punished (2). The comfort comes from a harbinger, who for them is a voice crying in the wilderness but the ultimate fulfillment of which would be seen in John the immerser’s work of clearing the way for the Messiah (3; Luke 2:3-6). Yet, the primary source of the comfort mentioned in this section is God’s Word–“the mouth of the Lord” (5), “the word of our God” (8), and the proclamation of His good news (9-11). Associated with the forerunner’s work would be the heralding of the message. While this would have an impact on God’s people after captivity and punishment, the ultimate fulfillment would come through Christ.  

POWER (12-27). This blessing focuses on the omnipresence of God (12), omniscience of God (13-14,27), and especially the omnipotence of God (15-26). God is shown to be greater than creation (12-14), the nations (15-17), other gods (18-20), rival rulers (21-24), and the heavens (25). The imagery is powerful and varied, yet all leading to a single conclusion. Perhaps it is summarized best in verse 18: “To whom then will you liken God, or what likeness compare with him?” 

RENEWAL (28-31). This blessing results from His inability to be weary, be stumped, or be short of ability (28). He gives renewal and strength to everyone, young or old. He empowers and rewards those who wait on Him.

This is a preamble for much of what is to follow in the remainder of this book. Yet, each blessing pinpointed here has application for the Christian today, intent of following the one promised in this chapter. What a great God we serve, interested in blessing us in every good way (Eph. 1:3). 

Isaiah: Trusting The Holy One Who Rules The World (XXXIV)

“What Have They Seen In Your House?” (39:1-8)

Neal Pollard

Isaiah appends an event to the end of his historical interlude which also appears almost verbatim in 2 Kings 20:12-19 and is referenced in 2 Chronicles 32:31. The latter historical book says, ” Even in the matter of the envoys of the rulers of Babylon, who sent to him to inquire of the wonder that had happened in the land, God left him alone only to test him, that He might know all that was in his heart.” The event involves the emerging empire of Babylon, whom their king, Merodach-baladan, sends envoys to visit Hezekiah.

The reception (1-2).  Scripture says the envoys came on a good will mission and Hezekiah received them gladly. Hezekiah showed them everything, his treasure house, all that was in his store houses, and, in fact, “There was nothing in his house or in all his realm that Hezekiah did not show them” (2b). It is hard to interpret Hezekiah’s action as anything other than pride, a display of all that his nation possessed under his reign. Isaiah is going to show Hezekiah the futility of such self-reliant trust.

The rebuke (3-7). Isaiah begins by questioning Hezekiah about what happened. The king reports to the prophet, then Isaiah asks his quotable question, “What have they seen in your house?” (4). Hezekiah says these envoys had seen everything. This prompts the prophetic warning that some day this nation, Babylon, would carry all that is in his house back to their country along with his descendants. They would even be made eunuchs there (6-7). Nothing would be left! Hezekiah’s prideful heart contributed to the future consequences that would be visited on his people. 

The response (8). Hezekiah’s reaction is really baffling. Was he being smug, was he giving God glory, or was he expressing thanksgiving at God’s goodness? Perhaps he is humbled by Isaiah’s message from God that these men he gladly welcomed and showed off for would some day be the means whereby his people would be taken into captivity. 

It is a pretty compelling application to ask ourselves the question that Isaiah asked Hezekiah. What do others see in our house? Do they see parents who look to God rather than possessions, status, and the like? Is that reflected in our choices, making Him a priority as we make our home a place where His Word is the unmistakable foundation and where our actions reflect that we are led by the truths found in it? If we decide poorly, we will negatively impact the generations that follow us. Let’s make our homes a haven where God and His will are clearly trusted and relied upon!