The end of the blessings and curses sermon is more brief on the former and more voluminous on the latter. This is not because serving God is more about threats and warnings than promises and enjoyment, but because in His love and foreknowledge God knew what was in man (Gen. 8:21). He has been seeing the heart of this people turn from Him during the 40 year wandering and He knew what lay ahead from the period of the judges all the way to the end of the northern kingdom and the 70 year captivity of the southern kingdom.
But in both sections, the point is the same. Israel was to diligently obey and carefully do all that God commanded (1,15). To bring this point home, Moses specifies 14 blessings accompanying obedience (1-14) followed by 32 curses (16-48). Yet, the blessings were as powerful and the curses were dreadful. Moses describes the blessings as overwhelming (2), and “this vivid language portrays the blessings as living and active; for the second verb has ‘and take effect,’ and ‘and light on you.’ Perhaps something like ‘come and remain with you’ or ‘will always be yours'” (Bratcher and Hatton, UBS, 444).
God wanted to bombard them with blessings that would stay and never leave. But note the conditional, “If you obey” (2). The blessings were not for Israel to selfishly consume in earthly pleasure, but to use as a tool in their keeping covenant with God. Every aspect of their individual and community life would be blessed (1-14). God establishes this with three “if, then” statements (2,9, 13-14). Moses punctuates the blessings portion with a reminder of how matchless God is compared to any rival (11-14).
But what if they breach their covenant with Jehovah? In minute detail, Moses speaks of the consequences of disobedience. With six conditional statements, noted in English with either “if” or “because” (15,20,45,47,58, and 62), God drives His point home. Contemporary documents, whether Hittite or early Assyrian treaties, follow the same formula of being heavily weighted toward the curses over the blessings. “The reason presumably (as here in Deuteuteronomy) was to underscore the seriousness of covenant violation by describing its consequences in long and graphic detail” (Merrill, NAC, 357).
The last 20 verses serve as a warning, foreseeing a time in which Israel would indeed turn away and through disobedience place themselves under the weight of these curses (49-68). Notice that he actually precedes the prediction of captivity by writing, “Because you did not serve the Lord your God with joy and a glad heart, for the abundance of all things; therefore you shall serve your enemies whom the Lord will send against you, in hunger, in thirst, in nakedness, and in the lack of all things; and He will put an iron yoke on your neck until He has destroyed you” (47-48). He then proceeds to describe what that would look like.
The enemy would eat their food and oil, drink their wine, besiege their cities, and cause severe famine reducing them to animalistic behavior (49-57). The Lord would cause plagues and diseases (58-62). They would be scattered among the nations, uncertain about their lives, corrupted in their worship, despairing of their living conditions, and desperate for survival (63-68). God could not have painted a grimmer picture, all in the hopes that Israel would take warning and never turn from Him.
It is very possible that Hagar was a consequence of Abram’s decision to go down to Egypt to escape drought, where he deceived the Pharaoh and was given livestock and servants (12:16). If she came into his house through Abram’s weakness, she becomes the center of domestic drama through Sarai’s weakness. Genesis 16 tells us that Sarai “conceived” the plan to raise up children through Hagar, her handmaid, and she pitches this idea to Abram (1-2).
This practice of a wife giving her maid to her husband is admittedly a difficult thing for most of us to grasp, but it was apparently common in the Patriarchal Age as demonstrated by Leah and Rachel (ch. 30). Typically, the child born of the union was thought to be credited to the wife. Here, Sarai defended her rationalizing by blaming God. She said, “The Lord has prevented me from bearing children” (2). Scripture does not indicate this, but simply that she was barren (11:30).
Things changed after the union of Abram and Hagar was successful. Hagar despises Sarai in a way that was transparent to Abram’s wife (4). While Sarai takes the blame for the horribly misguided choice (5), she pressures Abram to do something about it. Abram leaves it to Sarai to handle, and she treats Hagar so harshly that the Egyptian flees (6). Interestingly, her name is Semitic and means “to flee” (TWOT, 206).
That is exactly what Hagar does. The angel of the Lord finds her by a spring of water in the wilderness (7). It seems indisputably clear that the angel of the Lord here is a theophany (physical manifestation of God, NP). This is not merely an angel, but God Himself. I agree with good men, such as Roy Lanier, Sr., and Wayne Jackson, that this is even more than a manifestation of God. This is the preincarnate (before becoming flesh) Son of God (see https://christiancourier.com/articles/a-brief-study-of-the-angel-of-jehovah and Timeless Trinity). How do we know that Hagar encounters God here?
He approaches her as God approaches Adam and Eve in the garden (3:9).
His promise to her is delivered with the weight of God, as when He issues promises to Abraham in chapter 15.
Moses calls this Being “Lord” (13a).
Hagar calls this Being “You are a God who sees” (13).
She marvels that she did not die, since she saw Him (13b).
The name given to the well where she encountered Him signifies Deity (14).
The angel of the Lord issues promises and prophesy concerning the son to be born to her. He tells her what to name the child (Ishmael) and why–“because the Lord has given heed to your affliction” (11). He foretells the contentious nature of Ishmael and his descendants, and indicates where they would settle (12).
Abram must have believed that God spoke to Hagar since he names the child Ishmael (15). We are also informed that Abram is 86 at the time of the boy’s birth. Ishmael will become a teenager before God’s seed promise will be fulfilled. As we will see, this will cause more strife.
What a reminder that we add trouble to our lives when we make decisions without consulting God or when we take matters into our own hands. When God has revealed His will, our only response should be to wait and trust. We cannot anticipate the trouble we will bring into our lives and the lives of others when we insist on pursuing our own agenda. Yet, even when we falter, the faithful God not only sees but He foresees. The faithfulness of God persists even when we waver in our faithfulness (2 Tim. 2:13).
“This chapter is one of the most excellent in all this book, both for argument to persuade us to be religious and for directions therein,” Welsh Nonconformist theologian and commentator Matthew Henry said of Proverbs 3.1 I agree that it is a practical chapter. And a couple of verses of this section land on my toes. However, Proverbs 3 contains surprises for everyone, such as one verse that tells us that Jehovah has a school. This phrase is used in verse 11 by Lutheran commentators Karl Keil and Franz Delitzsch. 2
I’ve seen different plans for Proverbs 3, but the one I like best right now is to divide the chapter into 8 points. Lady Wisdom tells her students to do the right thing first (1-4). Next, she advises students to believe in God’s plan (i.e., Providence; 5-10). The student is then told by Lady Wisdom not to look down on the “school of Jehovah” (11-12). After that, Lady Wisdom will offer a discourse about the practical applications of wisdom in our lives (13-26). Then, in verses 27 and 28, Lady Wisdom tells people not to put things off. (There go my toes!) Lady Wisdom then tells students to love each other and be patient, and then she tells them not to feel sorry for bad people who get what they deserve (29-32). Finally, lady Wisdom ends by comparing the house of the wicked to the home of the humble and wise (33-35).
However, those who do the right thing will avoid many pitfalls into which the foolish repeatedly fall. Sin can have both natural and long-term consequences. Sexually promiscuous people are at risk of contracting a disease. A car accident may kill a drunken driver. When a curious teen tries illicit drugs for the first time, he or she may overdose. Those who do the right thing will avoid these scenarios. Those who do good will also have peace of mind. Their conscience does not interfere with their sound sleep. They also have peace because they have a good relationship with God. Before I go, I’d like to make one more point. Doing the right thing gives someone a sense of purpose (Ecclesiastes 12.13-14). That certainly adds to the quality of life.
Lady Wisdom advises us to put our trust in God’s plan (i.e., Providence). Following God’s plan leads to our greater industry and avoiding the previously identified pitfalls. Lady Wisdom says wealth results from working in concert with God’s Providence, as opposed to the prosperity gospel’s teaching that faith alone can produce wealth. We trust God for the increase, but we contribute by working. Unlike those who make rash plans, we pray for God’s will to be done (cf. James 4.13-16). We have faith in God’s wisdom.
We are now at the text portion where Lady Wisdom enrolls us in the “Jehovah’s school.” Interestingly, this passage shows that Keil and Delitsczh change God’s “chastisement” to His “school.” According to their understanding of Hebrew, the word in the original text means “taking one into school.” 3 But isn’t that in line with what God says about His correction elsewhere in the Bible? He corrects us through His love for us to share in His holy nature and bear righteous fruit (Hebrews 12.1-13). Of course, God could let us go without discipline, but that would not be in our best interests.
Lady Wisdom describes the practical benefits of wisdom obtained through diligence after we enroll in Jehovah’s school. On a much smaller scale, the person willing to apply himself or herself can receive the same information God used to create and sustain the cosmos. No, our wisdom will never be as great as God’s (Isaiah 55.8-9), but it can be significant enough to serve as a badge of honor. Wisdom, once established, also provides a peaceful life. It’s worth noting that Solomon mentions peace twice in Proverbs 3. We could say that wisdom makes life easier, which leads to peaceful outcomes.
When you’re feeling overwhelmed, what do you do? Anxiety and fear fill your heart. Those thus afflicted shut down and cannot process rational thought, and there is no peace. I jokingly referred to this phenomenon as “panic logic” to my speech therapist. In other words, one loses reasoning and follows the first impulse that comes to mind. I told her about when I stepped into a fire-ant bed as a kid. The ants were already halfway up my leg and stinging when I realized what I had done. My rescuer was watering his garden when he ran over to me with the garden hose. Rather than spraying my legs with water and sending the ants flying, as would have been more logical, he began swatting them away with the hose itself—what a way to add insult to injury. So, I had to contend with stinging ants as well as stinging blows from a rubber hose. A person who follows Lady Wisdom not only has peace of mind because of his relationship with God, but he can also keep his cool in worldly dealings because he “knows stuff.” It’s no surprise that wisdom is valuable!
And now we come to the part of Proverbs 3 that I need to remind myself of daily. Lady Wisdom instructs us not to procrastinate by using a benevolent illustration. If we are in a position to act and have the resources to do so, we should act immediately. Why? It is because we are easily distracted. Remember how Joseph predicted in Genesis 40 that an imprisoned servant would return to serve the pharaoh as a cupbearer? Joseph requested that the cupbearer communicate his plight to the pharaoh since he had his ear. But the cupbearer managed to forget Joseph. Was it because he was a bad guy? No, not necessarily. We can get caught up in the minutiae of life and lose sight of our responsibilities or promises. Or, if it is a matter of money, it vanishes (Proverbs 23.5). You may intend to assist someone with his financial burden “tomorrow,” but tomorrow arrives with an illuminated check engine light. So, whenever the opportunity arises, do good (Galatians 6.10).
Outside of the example of benevolence, how does this relate to the overall procrastination problem? When given a deadline or promise to do something, it is easy to become distracted by other things or waste resources, such as time. As someone who has written many term papers in the final hours before they are due, I can tell you that procrastination is not a good idea, even if you claim that you need the adrenaline rush to finish projects!
At the end of the chapter, our other lessons from Lady Wisdom in Proverbs 3 now flow together. Solomon says God gives people what they deserve and sometimes uses men in His Providence. As a result, we can be blessed by others while also becoming a blessing to others. We should maintain good relationships with others and avoid arguing with anyone without justification. When we come across someone who is suffering as a result of his foolishness, we are to leave him alone. That may appear harsh, especially considering Jesus came to seek and save the lost (Luke 19.10). However, God explains it to us by making it clear what He means when He speaks of the fool. Remember that a fool is someone who lacks moral character. As a result, a fool is rebellious and stubborn. When people rejected the message, Jesus told His disciples in the limited commission to shake the dust from their sandals and walk on (Matthew 10.14). So, we preach the Gospel to the world (Mark 16.15-16), but we recognize when it devolves into throwing pearls before swine or giving holy things to dogs (Matthew 7.6).
Finally, there is a clear distinction between these two paths. Those seeking wisdom live in homes where God’s grace has healed their wounds and declared them righteous. The foolish scoffer will live in the filth of his own dishonorable home. God will laugh when he sees his house. Are you paying attention to Lady Wisdom? Do you refrain from disparaging Jehovah’s school? All the decisions you make today and the effort you put in to become wise will make all the difference.
Jahaziel would have been a man of interesting and diverse talents. As a Levite, he would have served with the priests in the temple. As one of the sons of Asaph, he would have either been a literal descendant “or more probably [one of] a class of poets and singers who recognized him as [his] master” (Easton, M. G. Easton’s Bible dictionary 1893 : n. pag. Print.). But on the occasion recorded in 2 Chronicles 20, Jahaziel would have been a “seer” or prophet. The Spirit of the Lord comes upon him during the reign of Jehoshaphat, a righteous king of Judah (2 Chron. 20:14). Judah has been invaded by the Moabites and the Ammonites (20:1). Jehoshaphat’s response is righteous, seeking the Lord, proclaiming a fast, and leading a prayer service (20:3-13). Entire families, men, infants, women, and children were all assembled, “standing before the Lord” (13). Then, it happens. Jahaziel is the man God chooses and uses to respond to the touching prayer of the king. What can we learn from Jahaziel’s message?
It was predicated upon the Lord’s power to deliver (15). He says, “The battle is not yours but God’s.” They were helpless alone and the message was that God was able to deliver them. The power belongs to the Lord. How we need that reminder today! In our personal battles with sin and trials, we so often are guilty of going it alone. Isn’t it thrilling to know that we have help in our fiercest battles (cf. 1 Cor. 10:13)?
It was precise in its instructions (16). Jahazael told them a specific time (“tomorrow”), a specific action (“go down against them”) and a specific place (“at the end of the valley in front of the wilderness of Jeruel”). God wanted His people to know exactly what to expect and exactly what He expected them to do. What comfort it is to know that God has laid out His instructions precisely and plainly. He’s not trying to trick us. He has told us what we need to do and what is ultimately coming when all is said and done (cf. Heb. 9:27).
It pointed to the salvation of the Lord (17). The height of comfort might be this phrase: “station yourselves, stand and see the salvation of the LORD on your behalf.” From the proper position, we can see the salvation of the Lord on our behalf. The hard-hearted, indifferent, bitter, and negative person is spiritually blind to it, but we should see it! When I am stationed at the pinnacle of prayer, the citadel of Scripture, the lookout of the Lord’s Supper, the gate of gratitude, or the fortress of forgiveness, I see the salvation of the Lord. Like gazing intently at a masterpiece, the longer I look the greater the nuances, details, and expertise emerge from the canvas of His work in my life. We can turn nowhere besides Calvary to see the clearest demonstration of the Lord’s salvation on our behalf!
It promised divine assistance (17). Jahaziel’s conclusion is profound. He ends, “the LORD is with you.” Sure enough, “The Lord set ambushes” (22), “the Lord had made them rejoice over their enemies” (27), and “the Lord had fought against the enemies of Israel” (29). The result was peace and rest (30). Are you confident of that? Whatever you are going through now and whatever lies ahead, do you believe that He is with you (cf. Mat. 28:20; Heb. 13:5-6)? He has never failed and by His perfect character He never will!
It provoked praise and thanksgiving (18-19). From the top down, reverent worship and loud praise followed the mighty message of Jahaziel. This was faith in action! They believed the Word and proceeded as if it had already happened. Shouldn’t we be so confident in God’s promises that we respond in the same way? What struggle will you face that’s bigger than the promise of God?
Just like that, Jahaziel fades back into the woodwork of obscurity! His minute of sacred fame came and went, but how masterfully the Master used Him. However anonymous or average you may believe yourself to be, God has a greater message for you to share than He did for Jahaziel! As you faithfully share it, you can help produce an even greater outcome in the life of somebody you know. Perhaps He will use you to save someone from spiritual rather than physical death! Be on the lookout for that opportunity today and share God’s comforting message.
The Preacher Pollard Blog 