Tag: regulations

Deuteronomy: The Second Giving Of The Law (XV)

Mourning, Mealtime, And Money (14:1-29)

Neal Pollard

The instructions in chapter 14 are necessary to keep Israel distinct from the influences of the Canaanites or any other non-covenantal people whom they might encounter. They would witness customs and see foods they might want to incorporate which were unrighteous, unhealthy, or otherwise unacceptable to God. So, Moses prefacing his words by reminding them they are sons of God (1), holy (2), and chosen (2). Though prohibitions like those in this chapter are removed in Christ (Mark 7:19; Acts 10:15; 1 Tim. 4:4-5), this principle abides: “But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light” (1 Pet. 2:9). 

They were to be different in their reaction to death (1-2). We’re not told what was abominable about cutting themselves or shaving their heads (1), but “the external appearance of the people should reflect their internal status as the chosen and holy people of God” (Wenham, NICOT, 272). Moses had issued these warnings in his inspired writing in the book of Leviticus (19:27-28; 21:5-6). Merrill points to a later example that shows the pagan superstition of the prophets of Baal in cutting themselves to try and rouse their god (1 Ki. 18:28)(236). 

They were to be different in their dietary consumption (3-21). Moses introduces two categories of animals, divided into “clean” (11,20) and “unclean” (7,8,10,19). He uses synonymous ways to speak of these categories. The unclean are also called “detestable” (3) or he simply gives the various reasons why they are forbidden, like those who have certain anatomical features or eating habits as well as situations like dying of itself (21). With this, he gives a list of animals who can be eaten.

They were to be different in their relationship to material things (22-27). Throughout the Old Testament, we see sacrifices offered to false gods. This is the more thoughtful, proactive practice of giving a tenth of one’s produce or its monetary equivalent (25). In part, this contribution took care of the Levite who would have no territorial inheritance (27-29). As God gave them the ability to labor and blessed the fruit of their labor, they were to show their gratitude by sacrificing of their yield. 

The ways that we are different from the world today, as Christians, mirrors Israel in some ways and in some ways. We are to give back from our prosperity, though how much is not stipulated. Instead, our attitude of gratitude should show cheerfulness and eagerness (2 Cor. 8-9). Yet, being under a better covenant with better promises (Heb. 8:5-6), surely we will not be looking to give God scraps, leftovers, and crumbs (see Mal. 1:8; 3:8-10). We are to be good stewards of our bodies, but our food is not regulated in the way it was under Moses (see first paragraph). We sorrow over loved ones who die, but it can and should be different if we mourn Christian loved ones (1 Thess. 4:13). 

The idea of being distinct is woven into both Testaments. We saw that in our remarks about chapter 13, that God wants His people set apart and holy to Him (cf. Lev. 11:44-45; 1 Pet. 1:15-16). That is best demonstrated by the inner person (Rom. 7:22; 2 Cor. 4:16), but will be obvious through our obedient, God-glorifying deeds (Mat. 5:13-16). 

Is Unconstitutional Unscriptural?

Gary Pollard

This is a tough one to read, and it was certainly a tough one to write. This is one of those texts where “quick to listen, slow to speak about it, and slow to become angry [at scripture]” (Js 1.19) certainly applies. Those who know me know where I stand on most political and social issues. As a Christian, though, some of those things occasionally have to take second place. This is extremely difficult (even painful), as some of these things completely fly in the face of our political convictions. We sometimes conflate our political and spiritual values. While our political values should absolutely be influenced by our spiritual ones, the two aren’t inseparable. Sometimes we have to go against our political convictions if pursuing them means violating a Christian principle. 

I Peter 2.13-25 is a difficult passage for many of us to swallow because it’s about giving up our own rights and freedoms for the sake of the message. God expects us to obey all government officials, even when their policies are unfair (or blatantly unconstitutional). Only when what they tell us to do violates God’s law are we permitted to disobey them. What does this mean practically? As a Christian, we have to comply with any policy upheld by a governing body who has authority over us (2.13-14, 16). This applies to any regulation that — even though unconstitutional — is upheld by government (cf. Rom 13). God expects us to comply because that falls in line with not causing trouble and living a quiet, peaceful life (I Tim 2). We often talk about how difficult the Christian life is, but these kinds of things make it real. My inalienable rights aren’t worth losing my eternal soul. 

In 2.16-17, Peter addresses a loophole we might be tempted to exploit. Yes, we’re God’s people first. Yes, we’re an independent nation as his church, and we’re subject to him first before government. But that doesn’t give us the right to disobey laws we don’t agree with. We’re told to “live as servants of God”, which in context means “complying with all government regulations that don’t violate God’s law.” That’s hard. Nothing about this is easy, especially for us Americans who enjoy life in a country whose founding documents recognize and legally restrain government from interfering with natural freedoms. But the reward for following God’s word on this issue is immortality on a perfect new earth where — among many other blessings — there are no three-letter agencies or any other corrupt human act of authoritarianism. 

Pure Heart, Good Conscience, Sincere Faith

Gary Pollard

I Timothy 1.5 is the purpose of teaching and Christianity in general: love from a pure heart, a good conscience, and a genuine faith. Love from a pure heart doesn’t do good for others hoping to get something in return. It’s a love that’s selfless because that’s the right thing to do. 

A good conscience doesn’t mean we feel extra guilty about bad things. In fact, emotion has little to do with συνειδήσεως (the word translated conscience). Conscience means an awareness of the difference between right and wrong. A good conscience means we act on our understanding of what is good. 

A genuine (or sincere) faith is one that’s above any kind of scrutiny. A sincere faith isn’t hypocritical. To some extent, anyone who has any kind of standard for themselves is a hypocrite. We’re never going to live up to God’s standards of morality, but that doesn’t mean that hypocrisy defines us. The Pharisees were extremely legalistic, but had depraved lifestyles. That’s a hypocrite. A genuine faith is one that at least tries to meet the standard. 

1.7 calls out the problem directly: there were members who were eager to teach but had no business doing so. This is, unfortunately, one of issues facing the church today. Many take the approach of emphasizing regulations and rules and prohibitions, which is what these bad influences were doing. The goal of our teaching is to cultivate love from a pure heart, a good conscience, and a sincere faith. But this is not done by teaching just the thou-shalt-nots of Christianity, which we’ll see next week when we study verse nine.