Unity In Service (16:1-24)
Neal Pollard
Paul draws his first letter to a close by utilizing the formula he has leaned on throughout, changing subjects with “περί” (7:1,21; 8:1; 12:1). In English, it is often, as here, translated, “Now concerning….” Paul addresses the matter of financial giving (1-4), then moves into ways the church can unite to serve. We will help the church be one when we are engaged in trying to find ways to assist the cause of Christ. When we are idle or insistent on being served, division is usually left in our wake!
Consider ways Paul says we can be united in service.
Monetarily (1-4). The instructions Paul gives Corinth were those he, as an apostle, was giving to other congregations (1). This shows that these are instructions for all God’s people to follow. His instructions are specific, telling when (first day of the week, 1), how (premeditatedly and as prospered, 2), and why (to systematically meet needs, 2-4). They had brethren beyond their “walls” who were in need, and through their finances they could fellowship them (3). It is beautiful to see the church join hands in common cause, using her resources to bless lives.
Mission Work (5-9). But, there were needs beyond the financial. As always, Paul was focused on sharing the gospel. To that end, he anticipated stopping by Corinth on his way through Europe on his missionary journey. He hoped to be received and sent by Corinth, but also to spend time strengthening them (6-7). They needed Paul’s message, and they needed to help him spread it to others. One of the most beautiful ways to unite in service is through supporting the spread of the gospel, especially in far off places where access is more limited.
Ministry (10-12, 15-19). Back in chapters 12-14, as we recall, Paul talked about the spiritual gifts with which every individual is endowed. While those gifts also involved the miraculous, there is a timeless principle here. Several individuals are noted for their individual ministry, which, when combined, meant a body functioning the way God wants it to (12:12,18,25, etc.).
Timothy is involved in preaching and missions along with Paul (10-11). As he will remind Timothy, he reminds Corinth that he should not be despised (11; 1 Tim. 4:12). Since this letter was written before the first epistle to Timothy, one could surmise that he would be despised for his youthfulness. Paul had not long before picked him up in Lystra (Acts 16:1ff). They were to value his efforts. For his part, Apollos was much engaged elsewhere, but would lend his service later (12).
The household of Stephanas, among the first converts in Achaia (cf. Acts 18:12; Achaia along with Macedonia would represent much of first-century Greece), were “devoted” to the ministry of the saints (15). Paul urges Corinth to unite in submission to all men like Stephanas “who helps in the work and labors” (16). Stephanas, with Fortunatus and Achaicus, were ideal examples of what Paul called for in chapters 12-14. They “supplied what was lacking on” Corinth’s part (17). They were of that rare, valuable breed who “refresh the spirits of others” (18). In a letter about unity, is there a more attractive illustration (cf. Psalm 133:1).
Aquila and Priscilla exemplify the ministry of hospitality, housing the church in Ephesus (19; Acts 18:24-28). Apparently, they were former members of the church in Corinth (Acts 18:1ff), so their greeting would have been impactful. No wonder they greeted Corinth “heartily.”
Each of these individuals who are named exemplify the power and effectiveness of brethren who discover their gifts and put them to use. How Corinth would benefit from imitating these active, fruitful saints! Shouldn’t we look for Christians here that set the tone in serving the Lord?
Maturing (13-14,22-24). Sprinkled in with his closing (20-21), Paul makes it relevant to Corinth. What could they do to forge unity as a church? Notice the ingredients: vigilance (13), conviction (13), maturity (13–“act like men”), strength (13), and love (14,22; cf. 13:1-13). How do I know if I am spiritually mature or immature, a source of unity or division? Deep down inside, I need to reflect and self-evaluate. What does God supply? Grace (23)! Do you know what God expects in the face of what He supplies? Love (22)! Lacking that, we are accursed.
One note on the Aramaic word in verse 22. Ben Witherington, III, writes, “The Aramaic clause maran atha (v. 22b) obviously comes to us from the Aramaic-speaking Christian community, probably in Jerusalem. If we read it as maran atha, which is possible, it would mean ‘our Lord has come.’ Read as marana tha, which seems more likely, it is a prayer: ‘Come, Lord.’ This latter interpretation is supported by what is probably a Greek translation of the clause in Rev. 22:20: ‘Come, Lord Jesus.’ Didache 10.6 also supports the view that this was an early eschatological prayer for the Lord to return” (Conflict And Community In Corinth, 323).
Let us end our study by considering the most powerful incentive to be united as a church. Jesus is coming. When He does, He will judge the church and the world (1 Pet. 4:17). We want to meet Him as those who have devoted ourselves to serving Him in such a way that the church is strong, vibrant, active, growing, and, most of all, united on the truth of His Word!
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